Studies About Monks From The Old Adherents Of The Ming Dynasty In Wu Zhong And Theirs’Literature In Early Qing Dynasty

In early Qing Dynasty, a large number of Ming adherents fled to the Buddhist country, which was a particularly common phenomenon in Wuzhong.With splendid humanistic and geographic environment, it had attracted a mass of converted Ming adherent bonzes cultivating their faith in this area.The number of the followers and complication of the situation were both unparalleled.They hid in mountains, temples or permanently kept indoor. Being monks, they remained the gratitude to the former emperors, socialized with scholars and compiled; while being adherents of the Ming Dynasty, they communicated with Buddhists and joined in discussion about religions. They tried survive with loyalty, meanwhile they kept entertaining themselves by writing poems and songs. It had resulted in the complication of their ideology and was reflected in literary works with its unique literary features.The thesis will present the discourse in six sections, including forward, four chapters of body, and conclusion.Chapter Ⅰ is the overview of the situation of converted Ming adherents in early Qing Dynasty, analysis of the origin of the phenomenon, summary of the geographical distribution of the adherents and lays foundations for following researches on their achievements, existence and activities etc.Chapter Ⅱ is the investigation of the political and religious environment of Wuzhong in early Qing Dynasty, and detailed researches on the life stories of Wuzhong’s converted adherents with a focused topic on when, why and where they converted, as well as their life after conversion.Chapter Ⅲ is the research on the converted adherents’living, activities and mindset, including their survival through hardships, and their political, literary and religious activities organized under these circumstances, to illustrate the bitterness and waves of their ideology. Chapter IV is the summary of the overall features of Wuzhong adherents’literary creations. With representing figures as Xiong Kaiyuan, Ye Shaoyuan, Xue Cai, Wu Youya, this section is to study the literary creations of the converted adherents in temples and in reclusion, and find out how they were influenced by Buddhism.Conclusion part is a summary of the converted adherents issue in Wuzhong, and to leave prospect for further researches on this subject.