The Study On The Chieftain Of Cili Area In Ming And Qing Dynasties

The chieftain system is an important field of ethnological research.The chieftain system began in the Yuan Dynasty,flourished in the Ming Dynasty,and the Qing Dynasty slowly weakened.The Ming and Qing dynasties further strengthened control of the Tujia area through the chieftainsystem.The Cili area is located in the transitional area from the Central Plain to the southwest,and the geographical location is very important.In order to strengthen the control of this area,the Ming Dynasty set up a chieftain.Later,in order to unify the southwest region and maintain the security needs of post roads,the chieftain was reformed in the Cili area.In order to achieve reunification in the Qing Dynasty,Jiuxiwei with the characteristics of "soil governance" and the "Maliao" and "Tianping" with the nature of Cili were reformed to establish the county system.Based on the literature and field survey data,the thesis discusses the chieftain system in the Cili area during the Ming and Qing Dynasties,and then studies the gradual nationalization of northwestern Hunan.This article is divided into five parts.The first Introduction The reasons and significance of the topic selection and the study of the chieftain in Xiangxi and Cili areas were academically organized,and the research ways,research ideas and main contents of this article were discussed.The second chapter mainly discusses the characteristics of nature and humanities in the Cili region,and sorts out its historical development,which will pave the way for the later development and reform of the Cili chieftainsystem.The third chapter firstly analyzes the background of setting up a chieftain in the Cili region from the aspects of the continuation of the chieftain system of the Yuan Dynasty in the Ming Dynasty,the social turmoil in the Cili region at the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the early Ming Dynasty,and the important geographical location of the Cili region.The establishment process of Maogang chieftain,Miao Xuanfu Division,Sanyang Comfort Division,Jingan Xuanfu Division,and Cili Comfort Division in Cili Region.The fourth chapter first analyzes the background of the restructuring of the chieftains in the Cili area of the Ming Dynasty from the aspects of the Ming Dynasty's enlistment of the Mingyuzhen Daxia regime,the Qin rebellion in the Cili area,and the misfortunes of the Cili chieftain itself.The setting process of the chieftains such as Cili Comforting Division,Ma Liao Chief Division,Jingan Xuanfu Division and Maogang Chief Division.The fifth chapter mainly discusses the background process of the Jiuxiwei,Maliao and Tianping reforms,and discusses the process of the change from the chief to the official in the Cili area of the Qing Dynasty.And mainly from the local administration,local taxation,and local cultural aspects,discusses the important impact of the bureaucratization of native officers.In short,this academic paper explores the background and process of setting up chieftains in the Cili area during the Ming and Qing Dynasties,as well as the process and impact of its reorganization,and to some extent restored the historical process of the Cili area in the Ming and Qing.