Study On International Students' Acquisition Of 'Ganjin' And Its Synonyms

Based on the statistical analysis of the corpus,this paper discusses the differences and similarities between "Ganjin" and its synonyms,as well as international students'acquisitions and errors,and puts forward some suggestions for the compilation of reference books,teaching materials and syllabi designed for non-Chinese learners based on the above analysis.In terms of syntactic functions,affected by the syllable rhythm,"Ganjin,Gankuai,Ganmang,and Lianmang" cannot be used in overlapping ways.And most of the modifications in the sentence are disyllabic verbs or verb phrases with complex structures."Kuai" mostly modifies monosyllabic autonomous verbs."Kuai+ indefinite measure word" can be used with non-self-active words."Kuai" can be used overlappingly,and the overlapping "Kuai kuai" can be used with the structural auxiliary word "De(?)/De(?)".The position of some "Kuai" has been fixed in the sentence,becoming a colloquialism."Ganjin,Gankuai,Kuai" can also be used alone,and it can be matched with the negative adverb "Bu(?)" in the hypothetical conditional sentence or interrogative sentence."Kuai"has the highest frequency of independent use."Ganmang,Lianmang" cannot be used alone,nor can it be used with negative adverbs.In terms of semantic pragmatics,the spoken language feature of "Ganjin" and its synonyms are in order from strong to weak:Kuai>Gankuai>Ganjin>Ganmang>Lianmang."Ganjin,Gankuai,Kuai" can be used in declarative and imperative sentences,can appear in hypothetical conditional sentences,and can also be paired with volitive auxiliary."Ganmang,Lianmang" is only used for declarative sentences,not for hypothetical conditional sentences,and it can not be used with volitive auxiliary or psychological verbs."Ganjin" and its synonyms are used in declarative sentences with different semantic emphasis."Ganjin" focuses on grasping the timing."Gankuai"emphasizes speeding up."Ganmang" mostly uses transient behaviors;"Lianmang"emphasizes the short time interval between the two actions before and after;"Kuai" can't be used to describe people's active behavior.It is an objective statement of the commands and requirements of others,sometimes with the meaning of reminders.Based on the research of ontology rules,the international students' acquisition status is analyzed,and it is found that the use of foreign students is quite different from that of native speakers.This is mainly afected by the textbooks and syllabi designed for non-Chinese learners.Due to the lack of language input,foreign students use "Kuai" less frequently than "Gankuai",while native Chinese speakers use "Kuai" more frequently.The explanation of the usage of "Kuai" in the textbooks is not detailed enough,making it difficult for foreign students to grasp the diference between "Kuai" and "Ganjin,Gankuai" in the application of sentence types and the semantic characteristics of expression.This leads to a large number of substitution errors.Therefore,it is necessary to add explanations and exercises on the meaning of "Kuai" in the textbook.The frequency of using "Ganj in" and "Gankuai" for foreign students is also diametrically opposed to native speakers.Foreign students tend to use "Gankuai",which contains a same morpheme as "Kuai".When writing textbooks,"Gankuai" should be the key word to explain.Foreign students use the word "Lianmang" less frequently,so we can appropriately rediuce the length of the explanation of "Lianmang" in teaching materials.In addition,the wrong order error is mainly due to the lack of correct understanding of the order of co-occurrence of "Ganjin" and its synonyms and negative adverbs,volitive auxiliary,and prepositional phrases by foreign students.Based on this,it is recommended to give more pages to this part when the textbook is written.