An E-C Translation Report Of Indo-U.S.Workshop On Challenges Of Emerging Infections And Global Health Safety:Summary Of A Workshop(From Introduction To Chapter Three)

Since ancient times,infectious diseases have done great harm to human health.With the successful development and use of antibiotics and vaccines,the incidence of many infectious diseases that have long threatened human beings has dropped sharply.However,since the 1980s,humans have been once again faced with a serious threat from infectious diseases.In particular,since 1987,more than 30 new infectious diseases have been found all over the world,some of which have started to emerge in China.These emerging infectious diseases are often featured by strong contagion ability,rapid spreading speed and high mortality rate.Whichever country suffers from disease importation,the country's social stability,economic development and national security will be greatly affected.In 2014,the most serious Ebola outbreak in history swept across many countries in West Africa,which also spread to Spain and the United States outside of West Africa.The epidemic has had a serious impact on human health and global health safety.However,effective vaccines for suppressing this virus have not yet been discovered.Therefore,it is urgent for countries to further strengthen the academic exchanges and cooperation in relevant fields,and to take advantage of the joint efforts made by various countries to better cope with emerging infectious diseases and ensure global health safety.India and the United States have certain scientific partnership and also possess some experience in this respect.However,China is still exploring treatment methods and precautions for some emerging infectious diseases,seeking to guarantee people's physical health and public health safety.We need to learn partnership experience and the advanced achievements from other countries.Therefore,the translation of relevant books is particularly important.This English-Chinese translation project is selected from Indo-U.S.Workshop on Challenges of Emerging Infections and Global Health Safety:Summary of a Workshop(From Introduction to Chapter Three),which introduces the construction of biosafety laboratory,precautions of emerging infectious diseases,biosafety and bioethics as well as global health safety.The translator adopts functional equivalence theory proposed by the famous American linguist Eugene Nida and combines the relevant cases in the translation for analysis.The report consists of five chapters.Chapter One is the introduction to the translation project,including its background,purpose and significance and the theory adopted in this translation project.Chapter Two presents the content and linguistic features of the source text.Chapter Three mainly describes the translation process from three aspects:preparations before translation,while-translation and proofreading after translation.Chapter Four introduces difficulties and techniques in the translation process.The difficulties involve the translation of abbreviations,passive voice and long sentences.Under the guidance of Nida's functional equivalence theory,the translator has tackled these difficulties by employing such translation techniques as amplification,conversion,division and reorganization.Chapter Five summarizes the experience and lessons acquired from the translation project and points out some problems to be solved.The translator hopes that this translation report can provide reference for those who are keen on medical information of such topics.