Research On The Theatre And Performance Of Jiangxi Guildhall

Guildhall is a special product of Ming and Qing Dynasty,and it is a kind of social organization to manage floating population.Theatre is an important part of the guildhall,and performance is the daily activity of the guildhall.Jiangxi Guildhall refers to the guildhall set up by Jiangxi people in their own province and other provinces.It was first established in Beijing and spread all over the southern provinces due to population migration,commercial trade and belief dissemination.It is not only the place where Jiangxi people organize gatherings,but also an important place for drama performances.Because of the different geographical conditions and social environment,Jiangxi Guildhall presents the distribution characteristics of more south than north and less West than East in the whole country.The architectural form has the characteristics of convergence and difference,and has the unique cultural connotation.Based on the field investigation of more than 30 existing Jiangxi Guildhall theatres in the five provinces includes Jiangxi,Hunan,Hubei,Sichuan and Chongqing from the perspective of immigrants,this paper discusses the architectural form of Jiangxi Guildhall from three aspects: space,shape and decoration,combining with other information of Jiangxi Guildhalls and historical materials of local dramas.First,it demonstrates Jiangxi Guildhall outside the province and Longevity Palace inside the province.The second is to clarify the similarity of Jiangxi Guildhall buildings and the characteristics of adapting to local conditions.Then,according to the different time and purpose of performance,the performance types are divided into reward gods,festivals,commerce,group worship,etc.According to the law of drama communication and the difference of local drama ecology,the tune and types of drama in Jiangxi Guildhall are analyzed,and the influence of Yiyang Tune on the formation of local drama high-tune is demonstrated.This paper explores the sources of funds for the performances are taxes,donations,rents and personal fine,furthermore to hold that the main performances of Jiangxi Guildhall are traditional dramas,Mulian Dramas and Zhenjun Dramas.Jiangxi Guildhall dramas have abundant functions.On the cultural level,they can offer sacrifices to gods and convey local accents;on the social level,they can educate people and build order;and on the commercial level,they can flourish the market and promote social communication.Since the Republic of China,with the deterioration of the functions of the guildhall and natural disasters and man-made disasters,the guildhall has gradually declined.Taking Fuzhou Guildhall in Shangrao,Jiangxi Province as an example,this paper illustrates how to protect and reuse the guildhall with the help of celebrity effect and local culture.