The Study Of "Wen And Zhi" In The Wei,Jin Southern And Northern Dynasties

"Wen" and "Zhi" are a couple of important categories in Chinese literary theory criticism.Most of the existed studies focused on the content of Confucius,Liu Xie,Yang Xiong and other people's literary theory and its impact.So far,few scholars have systematically and comprehensively studied the theory of "Wen and Zhi" in Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties.This paper,which is intended to take the theory of"Wen" and "Zhi" of the Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties as the object of study,aims at further exploring the theoretical origin,formation marks,aesthetic characteristics and aesthetic influence of the theory of.Wen" and "Zhi" in the Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties by combining category criticism with the research methods of "Zhi Ren Lun Shi" and "Yi Yi Ni Zhi".On the one hand,the theoretical origin of the theory of " Wen and Zhi" in the Wei,Jin Southern and Northern Dynasties,which specifically manifested in appreciating people with "Wen and Zhi",is derived from the "literary quality" of Confucianism and "advocating quality and abandoning literature" of Legalism.On the other hand,it also comes from "Zhi before Wen" of Mohism and focusing on "Zhi"and not seeking for virtual beauty of Taoism,which manifests itself in discussing the world with "Wen and Zhi".It lays a theoretical foundation for the theory of "Wen and Zhi" in the Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties.Yang Xiong of the Western Han Dynasty put forward the idea of "Wen Zhi Ban Ban",inheriting Confucius' thought of "Wen Zhi Bin Bin" and starting the theory of "Wen" and "Zhi" in the Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties,which became an important node for the transition of "Wen Zhi" from from judging a person and discussing the world to evaluation of the article.In the Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties,the ancient Chinese poets enriched and developed the "Wen Zhi"in literary creation and literary criticism on the basis of the existing theoretical foundation and under the influence of the metaphysical style.During the Jian'an period,poets began to realize the importance of literary form.In the Jin Dynasties,they tended to overemphasize "Wen Zhi",but there was a certain one-sidedness in the discussion of "Wen Zhi".Until Liu Xie put forward a series of literary thoughts,such as "Feng Qing Gu Jun","Wen attached Zhi,Zhi attached Wen" and so on,it fully explained the dialectical relationship between the form and content of literary works.The proposal of "Feng Gu" and "Qing Cai" also became the symbol of the formation of the theory of "Wen Zhi" in the Wei,Jin and Northern and Southern Dynasties.With the development of the theory of "Wen Zhi",its aesthetic characteristics of emphasizing sound and rhythm,advocating words and conveying feelings and ideas gradually emerged,which affected the study of the form and content of literary works by future generations.The theory of "Wen Zhi" developed and formed in the dialectical unity of Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties has become one of the important criteria of ancient Chinese literary criticism,which has a profound impact on the literary creation and criticism of future generations.In the form of the works,the poets of Sui and Tang Dynasty borrowed the theory of vocal temperament advocated by Shen Yue and Xie Tiao and so on,developed the poetic and metrical patterns,and used the literary expression techniques such as allusions and duality which rose in the Six Dynasties to further develop the theory "Wen Zhi”.In terms of the content of the works,them inherited the aesthetic concept of enriching the contents of the works by the integration of "Qing" and "Yi" in the Wei and Jin Dynasties,and inherited and surpassed the "Zhi" of the theory of "Wen Zhi".Not only that,but also they influenced the literary criticism concepts of the theory of "Ge Diao" and the theory of"Xing Ling" which emphasize the choice of words and sentences and express one's mind directly.It can be said that the theory of "Wen Zhi" in the Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties had profound influence and value on the whole Chinese classical literature and aesthetics.