A Study Of Metaphoric Sentences In The Records Of The Historian

Metaphoric sentences are a special kind of pragmatic sentences,which have both rhetorical and grammatical characteristics.No matter from the grammatical point of view,or from the rhetorical point of view,they can not describe the whole picture of metaphorical sentences.Therefore,we believe that only by describing and studying metaphorical sentences from three dimensions,namely,pragmatics,syntax and semantics,can we really analyze metaphorical sentences clearly.At the pragmatic level,the characteristics of the structural components of metaphor determine the manifestation of the figurative structure.We believe that among the four elements of figurative structure,only the nature of the figure of speech is relatively stable,and the change of other elements is the feature.The detailed situation of the noumenon determines the symmetry of the figurative structure,the explicit and implicit value of the figurative value determines the similarity and its direction,and the choice of the figurative words represents the diversity of the ways of connection.At the syntactic level,conjunction is particularly important in the study of syntax.We use figurative words as markers and divide figurative sentences into three parts: the front,the middle and the back.We find that in a single sentence,the front part of the ontology corresponds to the subject,the vehicle corresponds to the back part of the sentence as the object,and in a complex sentence,both the front part and the back part of the sentence serve as clauses.According to the grammatical function,metaphors in the middle part can be divided into conjunctive and verbal ones.At the semantic level,verb-core structure and noun-core structure are the basic semantic structures of semantic analysis.The semantic features of figurative sentences can be completely separated by two basic structures.Generally speaking,metaphorical sentences are based on the structure of verb-nucleus,which can be divided into four categories: action,connection,existence and character.The noun-nucleus structure can be used as a judgment metaphor sentence of anaphoric words,as well as a part of the verb-nucleus structure,such as "agent" and "patient".