Elaboration Of "Reverse News" Affects Undergraduates' Cognitive Trust

When the efficiency of the Internet and the rigor of the news are not coordinated,it will promote the emergence of reverse news.Reverse news refers to the phenomenon that there is a huge difference between the later reported content and the earlier reported content for the same news.As the details of news content become more and more detailed,the content goes in the opposite direction.And the audience's standpoint also changes with the rapid polarization of the content.The trust in the police and doctors seems to gradually be weaken in the social level;This study further explores the effect of reverse news on cognitive trust from a psychological perspective.Therefore,this study explored the influence of elaboration degree of reversal news on the cognitive trust of undergraduates through questionnaire survey and the experimental method.Questionnaire survey method was adopted in research la to investigate the awareness rate of the top ten reverse news from 2015 to 2017 about doctors and polices.According to the statistical results,the news with the top two awareness rate was selected as the target news of the formal experiment,and the two news differ in their level of elaboration.Based on the target news selected in research 1a,the self-designed reverse news questionnaire and general trust scale were used in research lb to explore the effects of the elaboration degree of reverse news on the involved characters' cognitive trust.On the results of research 1b,research 2 by manipulating the ratio of initial news to reversal news sentences of the same news,the influence of the elaboration on the involved doctors' cognitive trust was investigated by using the mobile window technology through experimental method.There were some limitations on the moving window technique.For example,detailed information activation and integration in the reading process can't be investigated in stages,and the modes of presentation was not close to the real reading in life.Therefore,the eye movement technology was used in study 3 to present textual materials in the form of text,and study 3 further investigated the influence of the elaboration degree on the involved doctors' cognitive trust in a more natural reading state.The results showed as follows:(1)The population impact of the reversal news was less than 50%of the initial news.(2)In the doctor-related news with low elaboration degree of reversal news,there was no significant difference in the cognitive trust between the subjects who only knew the initial news and those who knew both the initial and reversal news;However,in police-related news with high elaboration degree of reversal news,there was a significant difference between those who only knew the initial news and those who knew both the initial and reversal news.(3)There was a significant positive correlation between cognitive trust of the characters involved and depth of content processing.(4)Under the condition of high elaboration degree,the total reading time and regression pass reading time of the target sentence were significantly shorter than that of low elaboration degree;And the lookback fixation time of the target sentence under the condition of high elaboration degree was significantly shorter than that of medium elaboration degree;But there was no significant difference in the first-pass reading time of the target sentence among high,medium and low elaboration.(5)The results based on mobile window technology and eye movement technology showed that the scores of cognitive trust with high elaboration degree were significantly higher than those with low elaboration degree.The results suggested that the demographic influence of reversal news was much lower than that of initial news,which can't completely reverse the negative influence of initial news.A higher level of elaboration on the reversal news can contribute to "reverse" the cognitive trust of the parties,and supported the text processing view based on memory as a whole.In addition,when reading inversion news,the audience may be influenced on the cognitive trust of the news parties through the depth of processing.There is an important practical guiding significance about the results of this study for understanding the cognitive mechanism of reversal news,the current situation of harmfulness and reducing the negative impact of reversal news.