On Wang Kaiyun's Thought Of Gong-yang Scholar

Wang kai-yun was a famous scholar of late Qing Dynasty,who was elected to be a new master,writing books and making comments to scripts.The academic thoughts he holds lead the direction of nowadays studies of classics.For example,he made humanistic pragmatism his life-pursuit and devoted much to the Gong-yang theory highly praised in “Spring and Autumn Annals”,which took an important place in Qing Dynasty.Main points of Wang kai-yun's study on Gong-yang theory are summarized as followings: first,it was Wang kai-yun's inheritance to the previous Wanglu's views,and on this basis,he puts forward his own opinions on Wanglu's views.Second,Wang kai-yun enriches the Confucianism classics.He mainly studied the thoughts on guarding Confucian classics and executive power.Furthermore,his evaluations of the yin-xia theory creatively propose the new principles of "autonomy" and "differentiation".Wang kai-yun's studies on Gong-yang theory have three characteristics: first,abandoning biography and discarding notes,he directly explores the text itself.Talking about three biographies,he mostly recommends “Gong-yang Theory”,saying that “Gu-liang” builds justices based on classics and “The Commentary of Zuo” is a historic book,excluded in classics.Taking the view of different disasters in the spring and autumn period as an example,the thesis attempts to demonstrate the characteristics of Wang's thoughts on the study of Gong-yang theory,that is,"abandoning biography and discarding notes,exploring the text directly".Second,the feature of his studies lies in connecting the past and serving the present for practical purposes.It is found that Wang kai-yun's idea highly focuses on practical use as a result of the declination of the time and social depression.It is reflected in two aspects: the first is his anti-Neo-Confucianism view and the second is Wang's idea of learning Shu-shi.The third is its capacity of absorbing any thoughts.Wang kai-yun's study on classics was not limited to the differentiation of new and ancient texts,but originally combine the new and ancient texts and creatively introduce Zhuangzi's thoughts into the classics.The positive influence of Wang kai-yun's study on Gong-yang scholar can be seen in Huxiang and Shuxue schools of Qing Dynasty.He becomes greatly influential by educating scholars of the two schools.The negative influence of his thoughts is attributed to the ideological education on imperial learning,which causes a small number of his followers “strange”.Because he pays too much attention to the role of internal moral cultivation,and ignore the external utility of merits,it makes a contribution to the style of not paying attention to career and honor.