Study On Tusi Tribute In Xiangxi In Ming Dynasty

In the Ming Dynasty,presenting tribute to the central government was an essential part of communication between native officers(called as Tusi at that time)in Xiangxi and the central government.In the beginning of the Ming Dynasty,Tusi in Xiangxi and the central government were mutually dependent.At that time,the central government was busy with making series of policy to take the whole country under control,eliminating the economy depression coming out of long-lasting war fairs,promoting people's living,getting rid of all the impacts of the last dynasty,and establishing the prestige of the absolute power of the central government and the sense Tusi in Xiangxi of superiority.At the same time,they should manage to stabiliMe the far-reaching areas through Tusi.For Tusi's part,they could ensure their native legitimacy and authority with the central government surport and enhance local Tusi's and people's sense of identity of the newly-born dynasty.Environment being in the original state with various kinds of animals,plants and products,it made Tusi in Xiangxi capable of paying tribute to the central government.Tribute of Tusi in Xiangxi had its own characteristics.The tributary time ranged from once per three-years regular tribute to irregular ones on a tributary people scale of hundreds to demanded "a hundred people allowed to tribute but only 20 people allowed to the capital." The tribute causes could be new year celibration,position requirement,thanksgiving,celibration and so on.In their tribute goods,horse,native products and big Nanmu trees took a big part.In response,the central government would pay back something which was less valuable than the tribute goods under specified rules,be it returns or promotion.Returns were weaving of gold silk,silk gauMe,clothing,and coins,significant contributors would be promoted in government system.In the mid-Ming Dynasty,the prosperous state were declining,and more political system disorders coming out.,but tributes from Tusi in Xiangxi kept on.In the late Ming Dynasty,the state eventually went to destruction,the central government lost its control of Tusi in Xiangxi as it did during its previous time,and then the tributes time decreased.The tribute of the Tusi in Xiangxi in the Ming Dynasty was conducive to the governance of the state in the Ming Dynasty,promoted the spread of the Han culture in the Tusi area in Xiangxi.The overall positive significance was great.However,the competition for tribute resources aggravated the exploitation of the Tusi people,aggravated the regional contradictions and was not conducive to the Tusi area in Xiangxi.The social stability has destroyed the ecological environment in Xiangxi.