The Reasearch Of The Beizhen Temple Sacrifice In The Qing Dynasty

Beizhen temple is a temple for worshiping and offering the gods of Yiwulv Mountain.It was built in the Sui Dynasty.The temple is located in Yingzhou longshan(now Phoenix Mountain,Chaoyang,Liaoning).In the Jin Dynasty,the temple was rebuilt at the foot of the Yiwulv Mountain and survived to this day.The Beizhen Temple was originally called the Yiwulv Mountain Shrines,in the Jin Dynasty was called Guanging Shrines,In the Yuan Dynasty was called the Guangningwang Shrines,and in the Ming Dynasty was renamed the Beizhen Temple.The Qing Dynasty followed it and gradually improved it.During the Yuan,Ming,and Qing Dynasties,the Yiwulv Mountain was highlighted by its geographical factors adjacent to the political center,and its status continued to improve,becoming the first of the five towns.During the reign of Emperor Kangxi,Yongzheng,Qianlong,Jiaqing and Guangxu,the Beizhen Temple was repaired and expanded to different extents,which eventually formed the huge architectural pattern of the Beizhen Temple and laid the foundation for carrying the sacrifice activities.As the head of the mountain and the five towns in the north,the Qing dynasty attached great importance to the sacrifice of the Beizhen Temple.Sacrifice can be divided into three types according to the different subject.The first is the emperor sacrifice.The emperors of the past dynasties on the way to the east tour,except for Kangxi,who had been away from the sacrifice,Qianlong,Jiaqing and Daoguang three generations of emperors,six close attainments Beizhen temple to salute.This is a special case that has never been seen in other dynasties,highlighting the important position of the Beizhen Temple in the entire sacrificial system.The second type is dispatched official sacrifice.The National Congratulations to celebrate the grand ceremony,the proclamation of envy,the rebellion and other major events will be sent to the temple to worship the Beizhen Temple.The officials are divided into central officials and local official.Shunzhi Dynasty to Jiaqing Dynasty,The officials were the Central Government.Daoguang Dynasty to Guangxu Dynasty,and the official were Jinzhou deputy.The third type is the regular guardian of the earth,and the annual spring and autumn of the one day from the county of Guangning magistrate to Beizhen Temple to worship.There are also differences in the scale of sacrifice among the three types of sacrifice.The etiquette of the emperor is the highest in etiquette.The second is to use the sacred rituals for the deportation of the officials.Finally,the local officials often use only the lesser rituals.The sacrifice of the Beizhen Temple in Qing Dynasty played an important role in consolidating the Qing Dynasty's rule and its cultural development.First of all,the sacrificial system of the emperor's personal sacrifice,official sacrifice and official ritual shows that all the ruling classes in the Qing Dynasty attached great importance to Beizhen Mountain and the sacrifice and respect of the mountain gods.This helped maintain the foundation of the Qing Dynasty,defending the capital and Beijing,while promoting its legitimacy.Secondly,the gods of mountains and rivers have the function of making clouds and rain,moistening and nourishing all living things,and offering sacrifices to them may help to stabilize the order of local governance.Pray for the mountain god bless the good weather,national peace and security.In the end,the emperors and officials of the Qing Dynasty sacrificed the Beizhen Temple,leaving a large number of imperial poems and ceremonies,adding rich content to the mountain culture of the Yiwulv Mountain.