The Effect Of Individuating Fact On Implicit And Explicit Person Perception

The person perception refers to the individual's perception or attitude towards others.It has been found that before learning the individual facts,when only knowing the gender or race,the base rate principle favors men are stronger than women in STEM,and the fairness principle favors men are as strong as women.In addition,the study also found explicit person perception changed significantly when the participants studied the opposite information to the previous attitude,while implicit person perception was less susceptible to the new information.Some studies suggested individuating facts that is contrary to existing attitudes or beliefs should induced corresponding changes in implicit and explicit person perceptions.Therefore,the pattern of reliance on individuating facts in implicit and explicit person perception generally converged.However,other studies suggested that because individuating facts is “new” information relative to previously established beliefs,and that explicit person perception is easily changed according to individuating facts,but implicit person perception is not easy to change,the pattern of reliance on individuating facts in implicit and explicit person perception generally diverge.Therefore,this paper explores the base rate principle and fairness principle in implicit and explicit person perception before learning individuating facts.After learning individuating facts,base rates and fairness become irrelevant,as the facts make the correct answer clear,and whether the pattern of reliance on individuating facts in implicit and explicit person perception generally converged.The individual names used in Study 1 are relatively representative male and female names,so participants may not regard these two target names as specific individuals,but as the universal representative of all individuals with these two familiar names.So Study 2solves this problem with novel names.Since these names have never been used to refer to any specific male or female,the results will reflect the specific individual evaluation.In Study 1 and 2,These facts were either stereotypic or counterstereotypic.In Study 3,in order to control the effects of stereotypes,the individuating facts were two males.The results of study 1 and study 2 showed that,in the familiar situation or the novel situation,before individuating facts were learned,explicit person perception favors the fairness principle,whereas implicit person perception favors the base rate principle.After individuating facts were learned,explicit and implicit person perception have changed based on stereotypic and counterstereotypic facts.Study 3also found that both implicit and explicit person perceptions changed according to individuating facts.In sum,the results demonstrated that patterns of reliance on individuating facts in implicit and explicit person perception generally converged.