Fraud And Anti-fraud In The Socio-economic Fields Of The Song Dynasty

Fraudulence is a social disease that coexists in ancient and modern times.As far as the socio-economic field,the fraudulence in the Song Dynasty can be described as a matter which emerges in endlessly.There are two typical types of Fraudulence,one is strongly influenced by economic factors,such as commercial fraud,economic fraud,lawsuit fraud,etc.And the other is influenced by political factors,such as authoritarian-fraud and fraudulence to which someone pretend bigwig.These incidents involve various industries and fields,they cause many negative effects.Some extremely vicious frauds even have made much destructiveness.Generally speaking,many fraudulent activities have features of complexity and diversity.Business-related illegal and property-related crimes are often entangled with other social aspects such as disordered taxation and discrimination based on the hierarchical order,and are often associated with other types of crimes,such as violation of personal rights,obstruction of social management order,corruption and malpractice.Regarding fraudulent behaviors,various social classes in the Song Dynasty,including civil society,government,and religious groups,had adopted Institutional corresponding methods(regulation,persuasion,causation of causation etc.)to deal with them.Apart from manifesting social features themselves,its controlling measures also have experiences to worth learning.Because social-economic-related frauds in the Song Dynasty are often deeply entwined with other social issues,the traditional “economic development—moral depravity—emergence of malady” mode of interpretation is unduly simple.Therefore,what should be considered is the event reflected by the institutional environment and social atmosphere.From this perspective,the prevention of fraud is a social optimization issue.