The Nurhachi Six-grandfather Uksun Clans In The Late Ming Dynasty And The Turns Of Their Dependence Strategies

The Nurhachi’s six grandfathers lived in six places,and they set up villages in the six places.The Ninggun Mafa who belonged to the same Uksun lived severally in different villages,so they were called by the Ninggutai beise.The Ninggun Mafa and their children and grandchildren who were born by the Fuman Dudu formed the uksun clans,and they lived closer,so they formed the tribe with the villages they lived in.The Ninggun ga?an controlled by several masters separately constituted a regional sphere of influence area centered on Hetuala,namely the Ningguta Tribe.This paper attempts to describe integrally the Nurhachi Six-grandfather Uksun Clans in the late Ming Dynasty and its tribes.This paper makes a preliminary analysis of the name of the Ningguta and the Ninggutai beise,and the relationship between the Ningguta in Suzi River Basin and the Ningguta in the Jilin of the Qing Dynasty.Based on the Authentic Records of the Korea and the Qing Dynasty documents,the internal cohesion and dispersion of the Ningguta tribe consisting of the Nurhachi Six-grandfather Uksun Clans in the late Ming Dynasty will be discussed,and the blood relationships and geographical organizations of Ningguta tribe and its surrounding areas will be analyzed to reveal the internal and external conditions of the Ningguta tribe.The social changes in a certain area was not only the result of self-progression or innovation of many factors within the society,but also the result of external factors.The histories of the Jianzhou Ju?en in Ming Dynasty was not only the result of self-development and evolution within the Jianzhou Tribes,but also the evolution of the relationship between the Ming Dynasty and the Jianzhou.This paper attempts to comprehensively consider the process of the dependency strategies of the Nurhachi Six-grandfather Family and its turn and its causes by analyzing the political and military economic forces of the Nurhachi Six-grandfather Uksun Clans and further combining with the changes of the management policies of Liaodong in the late Ming Dynasty and the situations of Ju?en in the Haixi and the Jianzhou in the late Ming Dynasty.The article holds that the Nurhachi Six-grandfather Uksun Clans had a close relationship with the Wanggao in the early stage,a powerful chieftain of the Jianzhou Youwei——they not only had multiple affinities in marriage with the Wanggao,but also had a dependency relationship with the Wanggao in the early period,even followed Wanggao to invade and rob the border of the Ming Dynasty.The emergence of the dependence of the Sixgrandfather Family on the Wanggao was the result of the comprehensive effect of the Six-grandfather Family’s own political and economic forces which were not obvious in the Jianzhou,and the Wanggao’s Power and the Ming Dynasty’s treatment measures.With the changes of the Ming Dynasty’s strategies toward the Wanggao,the attitudes of the Nurhachi Six-grandfather Uksun Clans changed accordingly,especially in Chueh Chang’an.Accordingly,their dependency policies also changed.On the issue of the attachment strategies of the Nurhachi Six-grandfather Uksun Clans,some scholars have paid attention to the influences of the political,military and economic forces of them on their attachment strategies.They have also noticed that the Ningguta Tribe was very vulnerable to the influence of Liaodong policy of the Ming Dynasty and internal turmoil because of its unstable internal relations.Further linking the change of the attachment strategies of the Nurhachi Six-grandfather Uksun Clans in the late Ming Dynasty with the changes of the gathering purpose of ju?en in Haixi and the Jianzhou in the late Ming Dynasty and the social and economic characteristics of Ju?en,we can find the deep motivation behind the choices and turning of the attachment strategise of the Nurhachi Six-grandfather Uksun Clans.