A Study Of Cheng Yi's Political Thoughts In Cheng Shi Yi Zhuan

Under the general narration of the history of Chinese philosophy,Cheng Yi's political thought is not significant or marginal,for one thing,it is because of the lack of his actual political behavior,and other because of the limitation of current research horizon.In the general impression of historical narration,Cheng Yi had to be responsible for the historical judgment of feudal autocracy because of his thought of"keeping the natural principles and destroying human desires".In the current research about Cheng Shi Yi Zhuan,it is regarded as one peak of hermeneutic following the Wang Bi's Studies on The Book of Zhouyi,the research in the field of philosophy is very rich,but the research about politics and history actually has not fully expanded,such as intrinsic factor of Cheng's writing this book has always been neglected.Cheng Shi Yi Zhuan,as the only work of Cheng Yi in his last twenty years,has a strong political meaning and abundant political thoughts.This paper emphasizes that we should not discuss Cheng Yi's political thoughts without Cheng Shi Yi Zhuan,nor his Neo-Confucianism without his thought of Zhou Yi,This paper takes political thought as one aspect of Cheng Yi's ideological world,and political reality as the starting point and foothold of Cheng Yi's thinking.while digging into the relationship among the revolution,imperial power,the emperor and subject in Cheng Shi Yi Zhuan,we can clarify the fact that the imperial power is Cheng Yi's main anxiety.This paper is discussed in five parts,they are "Change","Reform","Academic","Jingyan",”Emperor and Subject“.The first one is "Change",Cheng Yi elucidating the "Change" is quite special,one is his emphasis on "Change" more than a generation of rare,the reason for this is that Cheng had consistently called for political change.The second is the "Sui Shi"(??)as the principle of "Change"with the premise,which associates with his attention to the "Time of History".The second one is"Reform",among the Five sons of the Northern Song Dynasty,only Cheng Yi was deeply involved in politics.Cheng brothers are consistent with Wang Anshi's position on reform,but there are irreconcilable conflicts in principle between them."Selfish use of wisdom"it is their basic judgement to Xining Reform.Cheng Yi had deeply reflected on the reform in Cheng Shi Yi Zhuan.The third is "academic".Their close attention to the study of "Tianli"and rejection of Buddhism and Taoism were closely related to Jinggong-Xinxue.Wang Anshi influenced Song Shenzong with his new theory,his absolute "Tian"(?)strengthened the absolute emperory,and the circulation of the new theory changed people's mind,so Cheng Yi had to fight against it.The basic motive of Cheng Shi Yi Zhuan is to replace Wang Anshi's new theory.Fourth is "Jingyan".In terms of political choice,Cheng yi chose to seize the opportunity to teach Song Zhezong,but this short political experience was rarely explored.This was his ideal,and this opportunity gave him the opportunity to personally educate the emperor.He tried to cultivate Song Zhezong with "Self-Cultivation and Edification" of Jingyan,and his main point was to make up for the mistake of Wang Anshi's ignorance the relationship of Heaven and Human with Feudal Spirit of Three Generations,and to avoid the absolutism of the imperial power with the"Public Mind of Wang-dao".The fifth is "Emperor and Subject",Cheng Yi directed the structure of the hexagrams and lines in Zhouyi directly to the structure of power and position in the real world,and elucidates a whole set of relations between the emperor and the subject.His core requirement of "Jun-dao"(??)is "find the talent and give responsibility".His"ruling by both the emperor and the subject"(????)is to ask the emperor to share power,and "emperor guides subject"(????)is to avoid the suspicion of the imperial power.In his elucidation of the relationship between the emperor and the people,we can clearly explore Cheng Yi's tendency to restrain the imperial power.The absolute power of the emperor was Cheng Yi's main anxiety,and he tried to bring the relationship between the emperor and the subject to a reasonable track.However,he did not finally get rid of the desire of "sage emperor and sage prime subject"(????),which was the limit of his thinking in his historical environment.