Forging "Great Jiangnan Of Northern Shaanxi":Study On The History Of Rice Cultivation In Nanniwan(1941-1978)

The late 1930s witnessed the most difficult period for the Chinese Communist Party(CCP)in Yan'an.At this time,it was in the stage of strategic stalemate in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression,and the Japanese army gradually shifted its battle from the frontal battlefield to the battlefield behind the enemy lines.During this period,the relations between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party appeared to be seemingly divorced,and even conflicts and frictions broke out in some areas.Under the call of the Chinese Communist Party Central Committee,the Shanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region launched a large-scale production movement,Nanniwan entered the vision of the CPC leaders.Among the limited and poor lands in the border area,Nanniwan,with its relatively superior natural conditions,is an ideal place for reclaiming wasteland.The Chinese Communist have adopted a military reclamation approach to Nanniwan,and the 359th Brigade of the Eighth Route Army,which has returned to the border area for defense,has gone to this place to open up wasteland for cultivation and production.In a very short period of time,Nanniwan changed the situation of barren land and became a banner in the great production campaign.Rice was also introduced in the reclamation movement,which has continued to this day.Considering the factors of nature,population and technology,the introduction of paddy in Nanniwan is not accidental,and the paddy here has a special meaning since the date of its birth.It is the most important element of the so-called"Great Jiangnan in northern Shaanxi" image,is a production experiment of the Communist Party of China in Yan'an period,to some extent,is also the beginning of the nationwide rice reform movement in the late 1950s.After the founding of the People's Republic of China,Nanniwan experienced two successive periods of reform-through-labor farms and agricultural construction corps farms.Prisoners and young intellectuals provided the necessary labor for agricultural production,which contributed to the increase of rice area and yield during the collectivization period.At the same time,immigrants from all over the world gradually came to Nanniwan to grow rice under the organization of the People's Commune,but the scale,technology and so on are far different from the farm.After the reform and opening up,Nanniwan Farm because of the loss of population and the decline of the river,gain the production and management of autonomy of farmers increased rice cultivation,but this situation did not last long,rice was eventually abandoned by local farmers.Today,the few hundred acres of paddy fields that remain in Nanniwan account for only a small proportion of local agricultural production,while the rice memory of Nanniwan people is nothing more than pain,suffering,fatigue and other keywords.The rice in Nanniwan has rich meanings since its inception.Its symbolic significance lies mainly in the revolutionary connotation of"self-reliance and hard struggle"endowed by the mass production movement,which was reinterpreted in the period of collectivization.Long-term development analysis based on Nanniwan society shows that local production tends to develop during periods of mass influx.There are climaxes and troughs in the course of rice cultivation in Nanniwan in the past 80 years.Undoubtedly,the most crucial factor is human beings.Along with the cultivation of rice,the title of "Great Jiangnan of northern Shaanxi" runs through the history of Nanniwan,but the fact is that it is difficult to be reputable.For Nanniwan,which is facing many difficulties and bottlenecks in its development today," Great Jiangnan of northern Shaanxi "is still the resource it can use and the goal it strives for.At present,a new round of rice correction in Nanniwan is in the ascendant,and the success or failure remains to be watched.It is worth pondering that rice is only a symbol of the image of the south of the Yangtze River.What Nanniwan really needs to chase is the prosperous social scene of the people works hard and abundant goods and the prosperity of all kinds of industries.