| Machine learning is the core research field of artificial intelligence,which simulates the human learning process.Machine learning can use its own algorithm to discover knowledge and improve the system’s ability to deal with problems.Since the study of machine learning often involves philosophical aspects such as cognition,mind and consciousness,the study of machine learning must be carried out in a deeper field of thinking,that is,into the category of philosophy.By studying the related literature and works of domestic and foreign scholars on machine learning,this paper expounds the philosophical thinking brought by machine learning.Domestic scholars have been leading the world in the study of machine learning.However,there are few social studies on the philosophy of machine learning and even computer philosophy.However,many domestic scholars are devoted to the study of cognitive science and data science,which are also closely related to machine learning.The foreign research is more advanced,and has formed a complete set of philosophical research system since ancient times,which is worth learning and drawing lessons from.Five schools of thought have been formed since the development of machine learning.These five schools represent different directions,but they all have the same goal,which is to help humans better understand and transform the world.This paper expounds the philosophical thinking caused by the development of machine learning from the three aspects of epistemology,methodology and social kinetic theory.The challenge of machine learning to epistemology lies in the influence of machine learning ability on human subject status and new ideas of machine learning to understand the world.Scientific epistemology is a new understanding of science.The epistemology thinking brought by machine learning makes people re-examine the significance of science to people."Meaning" is the premise of philosophical reflection and criticism,and the machine can not understand the meaning of "meaning" as well as human beings.At the same time,machine learning does not have the essential characteristics of human knowledge,so machine learning can not replace human as a new cognitive subject.In the age of big data,the research of data science has become the mainstream,and data has become the source of knowledge.As a new tool for humans to understand the world,machines help people discover new knowledge from data.At the same time,machine learning has deepened the traditional epistemology problem,and further discussed the traditional reductionist and holistic problem in the vertical depth,while the birth of data science paradigm is the horizontal expansion of epistemology problem.In terms of the transformation of scientific methodology by machine learning,due to the development of big data,massive and complex data becomes the source of knowledge.However,it is impossible to process so much data by human power alone,so the advantages of machine learning in logic reasoning are highlighted.The development of scientific research from machine learning using induction can integrate almost all data,use inductive logic reasoning,find knowledge from data.The machine learning based on deductive reasoning is built on the basis of human experience.The algorithm system written by human is used to deductive reasoning of data,further data mining,and feedback to its own system,so as to improve the ability of solving problems.Machine learning based on analogical learning focuses on the discovery analogy.Machine analogical learning has a wider and more comprehensive range than human learning,so the discovered knowledge is more reliable.At the same time,analogy learning plays a good role in assisting the correction of scientific hypothesis.The influence of machine learning on social kinetic theory can be divided into two sides.Machine learning can be said to be the booster of the intelligent revolution.As the most cutting-edge technology at present,machine learning’s development has a great impact on the whole society and economy,and its system development and application creation will bring a lot of economic benefits to human society.Machine learning enriches human’s thought content,constructs the man-machine social relations in the new era.As machine learning gains results,we should consider some ethical issues.After the machine has a fairly mature learning ability,whether to give the machine human rights should be the first question to be considered,which involves the content of social ethics.At the same time,machine learning will be far more efficient at some basic tasks than humans,which will lead to human employment crisis.Finally,we should pay attention to environmental ethics,and achieve green and sustainable development while developing science and technology at a high speed. |
