On Xun Tzu's Thought Of Logic

In the Warring States period that Hsun Tze lives in,propriety disintegration,the names and things were messed up by the strange words and heterodoxy.Inherited the philosophy of ‘rectification of names' of Confucian,based on the criticism and development for the Mohist School and Ming School thoughts,Hsun Tze created his unique logic thinking system of ‘Names',‘Judgment' and ‘Reasoning and Argument'.To solve the problem of ‘The Debate over names and things' and the social disruption caused by ‘disordering the names',‘Names' corresponds to the concept of formal logic.Xuncius put up with the thought ‘Names'.Hsun Tze believed that ‘The Names is used to summarize a class of things' and divide the names into single names,combined names,common names,and other names,depending on the different scopes of connotations and extension of the ‘names';according to the difference between old and new things,Hsun Tze also divided Names into Old Names and New Names.As the problems of causal circle and development of Old Names and New Names need to be resolved,Hsun Tze analyzed the ‘Names' from a more detailed logical point of view,and he put forward the idea of‘rectification of names'.Namely,rectify the ‘disorderly names',and elaborate the basis,the method and the function of the rectification of names.The ‘word' of Hsun Tze was equivalent to the ‘judgment' in the logic,which referred to a sentence composed of concepts with judgment features.Hsun Tze identified true or false of the words based on the subjective and objective cognition of ‘get information from surface features' and ‘get information from born organs' and the criterion of ‘stop until practice'.Its role was to ‘seeing the nature of things' based on ‘Names were developed to reflect objective reality',that was,‘seeing the nature of things from words.' Hsun Tze' s‘argumentation' was equivalent to argumentation and reasoning in logic.‘Defense' was equivalent to logical argumentation,and ‘speaking' was equivalent to logical reasoning.Hsun Tze distinguishes between "argumentation" and "reasoning" and Hsun Tze's ‘argumentation' has the function of ‘Identifying different things without errors,deducing the categories of things without violating the truth;thus,listening to opinions can be in conformity with rituals and laws,and interpreting things can clarify the reasons for things.' Hsun Tze was the first thinker who concentrated on and put forward the Rectification of Names completely.He established a logical thought system of rectifying name with names,phraseology and disputation,having important influence in the history of Chinese logic and the history of Chinese philosophy.