The Scramble For Warka Between Nuerhachi Huangtaiji And Korea

Warka is one of the tribes of Jurchen distributed along the Tumen river.Because of its proximity to Korea,even part of them lived within the Korea boundaries,the tribe maintained close ties with Korea.They were called as “Fanhu” in the literature written by Korea in the late Ming.At the end of the 16 th century,with the change of the Northeast Asian order,the two generations:Nuerhachi and Huangtaiji,fought for warka with Korea by using various means in nearly 50 years.To a certain extent,this process accelerated the rise of Nuerhachi and Huangtaiji,also reflected the variation of the power among Ming Dynasty,Qing dynasty and Korea,showed the change of the Northeast Asian order in the replacement of Ming dynasty by Qing dynasty.This study is composed of two parts,the introduction and the text.The introduction mainly introduces the background and significance of this title,relevant academic history,research ideas and methods of the topic.The text consists of four chapters.The first chapter mainly introduces the situation in Northeast Asia before the scramble for Warka.Since the middle of 16 th century,due to the corruption in Ming dynasty,the venal government officials in the border areas,the destruction of garrison reclamation and so on,its control over the northeast region has been constantly weakened.It caused the confusion in Jurchen which all the tribes wanted to be the new leader.Against this background,Jianzhou and Wula,in order to gain the benefits of population,land and property,gradually to expand their own power to the Tumen river area,lay the foundation for the future competition for warka people.Korea,because of the party struggle,corruption,the war and other factors,combined with political standpoint to Jurchen keep on vacillating,gradually lost the initiative in the region of Tumen river.The second chapter mainly introduces the scramble for Warka between Nuerhachi and Korea.Form 1595 to 1603,Nuerhachi took many measures,such as fighting by force,marriage and so on,to make Laotu who was a powerful leader in Warka submitted to him at last.Between 1603 and 1607,Nuerhachi combined with Wula to invaded the Korean border,and used this way to obtain the Warka people;In 1607,the chieftain of Feiyou city surrendered to Jianzhou.It also provided an opportunity to conquer Wula.Along the Tumen river,where the north Korean were basically powerless to resist,the vast majority of Warka was taken back by Nuerhachi.The third chapter mainly introduces the scramble for Warka between Huangtaiji and Korea.Before the battle in the year of Bingzi,the two countries did not come to an agreement about how to deal with Warka,so Korea gave a negative response to Later Jin on their requirements about return Warka.The negative attitude of Korea was one of the reasons for the outbreak of the war in the year of Bingzi.After the battle,the two countries signed a treaty that Korea must returned Warka to Qing dynasty.To test whether north Korea abide the contract and loyal to himself,Qing dynasty demanded constantly to Korea to back Warka.At first,Korea had previously returned "Xianghua by himself".However,under the pressure of the qing dynasty,all of the person of “Xianghua ” and even the family members of”Xianghua”(who was actually Korean)were gradually found out until the Qing dynasty picked Beijing as its capital in 1644.The fourth chapter is a summarization of the changes of the northeast Asia in the process of the event and how this event influenced the northeast Asia.First of all,Jurchen acquired a lot of population and property through this process.The strength of Jianzhou was expanded as well as accelerated the unification of Jurchen by opened up the way to conquer Donghai and Heilingjiang Jurchen.For Korea,the scramble further weakening its national strength and making the border face a bigger crisis,it also causing the complete disruption of the”tribute system” between Jurchen and Korea.In this process,Ming dynasty intervened aggressively at first but Unable to interfere at last.This change reflected its forces in the northeast Asian region gradually fade out.Finally,we can see from the issues about returned the Warga.Although Korea wanted to maintain the old order because of party struggle and the philosophical connotations,the battle of Bingzi and the real contrast of national strength made Korea begin to adjust its own policies.The new order in northeast Asia with the1 core of the suzerain-vassal relations between the Qing dynasty and Korea was gradually established.