The Study On The Thought Of "Self-consciousness" Of Young Marx

In his 《Doctoral thesis》,Marx criticized the derogation of Epicurus’ theory of oblique motion of atoms in previous studies,and "using a microscope to find out" the differences between Democritus’ s and Epicurus’ natural philosophy,thus highlighting the self-consciousness of human beings.《Notes on Epicurus’ philosophy》 is the result of Marx’s in-depth and detailed study of ancient Greek and Roman philosophy,especially his concern for Epicurus.This paper aims to analyze the profound connotation of Marx’s "self-consciousness" thought in his 《Doctoral thesis》 by combining with the 《Notes on the Epicurus’ s philosophy 》.To clarify the relationship between the thought of "self-consciousness" of young Marx and the process of thought logic and the revolution of philosophy.The introduction focuses on the reason and significance of choosing "self-consciousness" of young Marx as the theme,and summarizes the main literature at home and abroad.In the first chapter,through the relationship between Marx and the ancients’ thought,understanding the process of shaping the purport of youth Marx by the trend of ancient Greek culture.Due to the similarity of the realistic situation between Greece and Germany in the late period,Marx,who accepted the influence of the young Hegelian,was confronted with the dual dilemma of German philosophy and reality.Epicurus is chosen as the starting point of the study.In the second chapter,the author discusses the three aspects of the oblique motion of atoms,the separation between necessity and contingency,and the freedom of Epicurus’ "disengagement" of the manifestation of "self consciousness" in 《Doctoral thesis》.Whether it is to study "self consciousness" or the ideological process after Marx,Marx started from Kant,Fichte and turn ed to Hegel,which has an important influence on his ideological content and critical style.On the basis of this theoretical background,we can better understand the "self-consciousness" of young Marx.And in Marx’s criticism of Epicurus,On the one hand,with the help of his predecessors,on the other hand,he hides his differences with Powell and Hegel.In the third chapter,he clarifies that the thought of "self-consciousness" of young Marx is closely related to the logical process of Marx’s later thought.As the starting point of the evolution of Marx’s thought to historical materialism,Marx surpassed the concept of freedom described by the 《Doctoral thesis》 in the course of the philosophical revolution.Based on the comparison between Democritus and Epicurus’ philosophy of nature,Marx showed the important position of self-consciousness and expressed his pursuit and yearning for individual realistic freedom.Although the understanding of freedom and "self-consciousness" was not mature enough at that time,but this concept became the logical starting point of Marx’s pursuit of man’s full freedom and liberation.