Drug Related Cues For Attention In Heroin Abstainer Group:Evidence From Eye Movements

Summary Previous studies have found that the attention bias of heroin abstainers is relatively small,especially in the process of compulsory detoxification.There is few studies about the attention bias and specific differentiation of related clues.Does direct clues such as heroin drugs,tools and actions have different attention mechanisms for heroin abstainers?In order to explore these issues,this study specifically identified heroin addiction-related clues—drugs,tools,and actions—as experimental materials.Experiment 1 used a two-point 4(image classification:medication,tools,action,neutral)x 2(probe position:consistent,inconsistent)point detection paradigm within subjects designed to verify that heroin abstainers was associated with different attentional bias of the clues;Experiment 2 The two-factor response type(approach,avoidance)x image type(drug,tool,action,neutral)within subjects was designed to explore the motivational trends of different related clues for heroin abstainers 1.Experiment 3 uses 4(picture classification:drugs,tools,actions,neutral)× 2(probe position:consistent,inconsistent)within subject design to explore the cognitive processing of heroin abstainers in people with heroin related cues.Experiment 1 found that heroin abstainers had different attentional bias patterns for different cue-related pictures.The response time results showed that the heroin abstainers having the maintenance on drug pictures,while the avoidance attention on tools action pictures.Experiment 2 found that for heroin abstainers,the avoidance tendency of the image stimulus was stronger than approach tendency.The avoidance tendency of drug was stronger than the avoidance tendency of tool and action.At the same time,the tendencies of the drug tend to be stronger than those of the tool and the action.In experiment 3,response time showed that heroin abstainers avoid to pay attention on drug pictures,while maintain tools and action pictures.The results of eye movement data showed that heroin abstainers can have early acceleration detection on all cue-related stimulus,but rapid attention avoidance and attention avoidance on drug;while tool and action are early acceleration detection and continuing attention maintenance.The conclusion is that(1)Heroin withdrawal has a bias towards heroin-related clues,and eye movement measurement has good reliability.(2)Heroin abstainers are more likely to avoid avoidance of external stimuli to protect themselves from harm.abstainers are more likely to show avoidance-proximity conflicts than other stimuli,consistent with negative reinforcement emotive processing theory.(3)The attentional bias of heroin abstainers for different related clues is in accordance with the mirror neuro system hypothesis.That is,the mirror-image nervous system is first activated.It transforms sensory information into action patterns and is characterized in the brain regions of the motor.This internal simulation based on their own experience awakens the drug reward memory,thereby inducing a psychological craving.