Construction Study Of "X Shenme"("x 什么")

The rhetorical construction "X shenme"("X 什么")is been systematically investigated from the theories of construction grammar and cognitive grammar.For the construction,we mainly analyze the composition modes of X,the pragmatic functions,and the factors that affect the different semantics.Finally,we discover what is the extension relationship between different construction types.Chapter 2 analyzes the composition characteristics of "X" from syllables,nature of the composition and strength of the construction.Then we find "X" is much be used by single and double syllable verbs,adjectives and interjection.etc;then the citing "X" and the descriptive,"X" have many differences in schematicity,compositionality and productivity,and the former is superior to the latter.Chapter 3 summarizes the pragmatic functions,that is stopping and dissuading,rebuttal,expressing negative evaluation,blame and negative,then we simply expound the additional functions of,"X shenme" and non-uniformity of pragmatic functions.Chapter 4 mainly gives a discussion on the various influences factors which will affect the meaning of "X shenme"("X 什么").We think that if "X" is being quoted,the nature of "X",tense and person can get different meanings.Chapter 5 is about the semantic background of "X shenme"("X 什么"):(1)the speaker has his or her social common sense,and the subjective expection has already been built up;(2)the listener will,is or has achieved some behaviors or some comments;(3)the speaker thinks the listener or behavior does not accord with the common sense or subjective expectations,then he puts forward the negative to indicate the attitude.Chapter 6 divides the various modes of the construction structure,and explores the prototype structure and other extension structures type with inherit relationship,so other categories are a further supplement and development based on the mode of the prototype.Epilogue part pointes out the disadvantages of this article and what we still need to explore.