Research On The Agricultural Cooperative Movement In Xiangtan County(1951-1956)

The agricultural cooperative movement was a movement led by the Communist Party of China to transform the small-scale peasant economy into a socialist collective economy after the founding of the People’s Republic of China.It was also a major transformation of the rural society.As the hometown of Mao Zedong,Xiangtan County,Hunan Province,has been directly guided by Mao Zedong during the movement,and its agricultural cooperative movement has a certain typical significance.Therefore,this article takes Xiangtan County’s agricultural cooperative movement as the research object,based on local archives,and on the basis of comprehensively combing the process of the agricultural cooperative movement in Xiangtan County,inspects the selection,cultivation,mobilization mode and style of the grassroots cadres in the sports of Xiangtan County.This paper analyzes the types of farmers’ mentality and changes in their mentality,and explores the great achievements and successful experiences of the early stage of the agricultural cooperative movement,and the deep-seated factors in the late stages of the agricultural cooperative movement.The main body of this article is divided into four parts:The first part introduces the background of the agricultural cooperative movement in Xiangtan County.After the land reform,Xiangtan County’s peasants’social status rose,and they acquired land and certain production and living materials.However,there were also some new problems.The class division in the countryside was serious.At the same time,the establishment of the Party Central Committee’s"One Transformation and Three Reforms" was also established.It is required that rural areas provide a large amount of commodity grain,industrial raw materials and markets for socialist industrialization.To this end,the central government made a decision to launch a cooperative agricultural movement nationwide.The second part discusses the development process of the agricultural cooperative movement in Xiangtan County.The agricultural cooperative movement in Xiangtan County has gone through three phases:mutual aid group stage,primary social stage,and advanced social stage.Through combing and analyzing the types,scales,and management methods of cooperative organizations in different stages,the development of the agricultural cooperative movement in Xiangtan County was made.A panoramic perspective.Under the special attention and direct guidance of Mao Zedong and other central leaders,the primary development momentum of the agricultural cooperative movement in Xiangtan County was good,and the enthusiasm of farmers participating in the cooperation was high,demonstrating great advantages.However,in the late stage of the cooperative movement,the central to local governments In the wake of rash and rash thoughts,the agricultural cooperation in Xiangtan County has also risen sharply.At the stage of high-level social organizations,the cooperative movement suffered setbacks.The third part examines the grassroots cadres of the agricultural cooperative movement in Xiangtan County.The grass-roots cadre is between the country and the peasants.It is an important conduit for the smooth implementation of the agricultural cooperative movement.Based on a comprehensive analysis of the selection and cultivation of grassroots cadres in the agricultural co-operative movement and their comprehensive mobilization model,the assessment of the contributions and deficiencies of grassroots cadres was conducted.The fourth part analyzes the farmers’ mentality in the agricultural cooperative movement.It mainly analyzes the types of mentality that farmers show in their movements,namely,the attitude of trust and gratitude,the utilitarian mentality under economic induction,the fear mentality under political pressure,the analysis of the state of mind of the public with the flow,and the reasons for the changes of farmers’mentality in different periods.And its essence.Xiangtan County’s agricultural cooperative movement is a relatively comprehensive and profound rural social transformation.It is a socialist baptism for farmers,rural areas and agriculture.The cooperative agricultural movement established a collective socialist land ownership system.At the same time,grass-roots cadres also exercised in this movement,laying a good foundation for long-term rural construction.However,in the later stage of the agricultural cooperative movement,many disadvantages were derived from the promotion of rural reform by political means.The mentality of the farmers presented a complex aspect.At that time,a wave of withdrawal was triggered and the peasants’ production enthusiasm was greatly reduced.