Research On The Agricultural Cooperative Movement In Chaoyang County(1948-1957)

Land is the core of the rural economy and the most special and basic means of production in agricultural production,and the form of land ownership reflects the essence of rural economic relations.The agricultural cooperative movement led by the Communist Party of China has transformed the economic form of small-scale peasants that has endured for thousands of years into a collective economic form based on public ownership of land.Under the influence of the international situation and the experience of the Soviet Union,and under the observation of the reality of domestic development,the Chinese Communists’ understanding and understanding of the development of agricultural cooperatives has become clearer and more mature.Represented by the Northeast Liberated Areas,in the vast rural areas where the political economy has ushered in a new atmosphere,there is a hidden trend of class differentiation,which provides an important basis for the clarification of the line of agricultural cooperation,enables the party to focus on the individual economy and the collective economy,and curbs the emergence of class differentiation in a timely manner.Chaoyang County is a large agricultural county in western Liaoning,and after liberation,the masses of the people,under the leadership of the party,actively plunged themselves into the revolutionary practice of the production movement and supporting the front,laying an organizational foundation and ideological foundation for the follow-up guidance and comprehensive development of the agricultural cooperative movement.The local farmers in Chaoyang County have a certain tradition of mutual assistance and cooperation,and due to the early liberation of the region,under the guidance of the Party,the local cooperative movement was carried out in an orderly manner before the founding of New China.In general,the agricultural co-operativeization of Chaoyang County not only follows the instructions of the superiors,but also has regional characteristics;Attach importance to rapid development,but also emphasize rectification and consolidation;It is both a productive co-operation and a revolutionary character.In terms of organizational types,it not only follows the pattern of mutual assistance from small to large,from primary to advanced,from trying to guide to comprehensive roll-out,but also fully considers the actual development needs of local farmers,and formulates a mutual assistance model with local characteristics.The agricultural cooperative movement has brought significant improvements to the agricultural development of Chaoyang County,and the infrastructure led by water conservancy projects has been improved,the production technology with agricultural machinery and seeds as the core has been improved,and the industrial structure based on cotton grain cultivation has been improved.The material livelihood of the broad masses of peasants has been guaranteed,their spiritual culture has been enriched,their education level has been raised,the party’s leadership has been widely recognized,and their ability to govern has also been improved.At the same time,from the perspective of rural revitalization,agricultural cooperatives still have enlightenment to us,we must adhere to the basic law of adapting production relations with the development of productive forces,take the fundamental interests of farmers as the guide,and in the new era of increasingly diversified development elements,it is necessary to explore a new agricultural cooperative development model to promote the development of agricultural modernization.