Study On The Adverbs In Zuixingshi

Zuixingshi,an important simulating vernacular novel written during the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty,has been under study mostly in the field of literature while its value in linguistic constraints remains to excavate.It is found that there is a complete adverb system and certain classical Chinese in this novel after combing.Therefore,adverbs in Zuixingshi are chosen as objects of study,which will be analyzed from multi-angles in five chapters.The first chapter introduces the study status on Zuixingshi and Chinese adverbs.The former is about the analysis of Zuixingshi's corpus value as well as study achievement and flaws.The latter is about the analysis and discussion on adverbs' basic problems,functional characteristics,independent studies and study trends.Besides,study significance and proposes to adopt of adverbs in Zuixingshi will be also introduced briefly.The second chapter depicts adverbs in Zuixingshi from synchronic approach.These adverbs are divided into six categories:degree adverbs,scope adverbs,time adverbs,modifying adverbs,negative adverbs and modal adverbs.All of them amount to 371 items,41 of which are degree adverbs,47 are scope adverbs,115 are time adverbs,55 are modifying adverbs,20 are negative adverbs and 93 are modal adverbs.This chapter measures the frequency of each category of adverbs in Zuishixing and analyzes their semantics,function and pragmatics.The third chapter discusses inheritance and innovation of adverbs in Zuishixing.Using large reference books and electronic corpus,it finds out original usage of every adverb as its sense in a relatively range.51 adverbs' senses appeared in the Shang and Zhou period,84 in Zhanguo and Qing period,33 in the West Han Dynasties,18 in the East Han Dynasties,12 in the Three Kingdoms,35 in the Wei-Jin and Northern and Southern Dynasties,36 in Sui and the early ang mid Tang,26 in the late Tang and Five Dynasties period,61 in Song and Yuan Dynasties,and 15 in Ming Dynasties.It can be concluded that the percentage in inheritance is greater than that in innovation.The forth chapter discusses the study on evolution of partial adverbs in Zuixingshi.It mainly analyzes “Yi(means already)”,“Yi(a prefix)”,“shi”,“hao”,“da” and reiterative locution and polyphonic adverbs and so on,goes back to the roots of these seven kinds of polyphonic adverbs,discusses original meaning and development through a lot of examples.The fifth chapter analyses and summarizes the study on adverbs in Zuixingshi including classification adverbs from synchronic approach,inheritance and innovation from diachronic approach,and formation of adverbs.