The Argument In The Field Of Chinese Calendar Happened In Late Ming And Early Qing Dynasty

Calendar played a very important role in ancient Chinese traditional society,which directed agricultural production,helped arrange daily social activities,related to the explaining and forecast of celestial phenomena,and was also a symbol of imperial authority.It was a major constituent part of Chinese ancient science and technology.Through an accretion of thousands of years,Chinese calendar has developed a different system from the Occident.The conflict between Chinese and Occident calendar happened at late Ming and early Qing Dynasty was a critical phase of Learning Western,which was also microcosm of debate in the field of science and technology between the Western and the old China.Besides,it was a true war of science and technology,a culture dispute in name and in fact,as well as a battle behind the observation equipment.The argument happened in late Ming and early Qing dynasty has the property of Paradigm conflict.Applying paradigm theory from Thomas Kuhn can clearly draw the outline of the period of the more than 40 years' argument,which was divided into three different periods:Traditional Paradigm with core of sphere-heavens,From the found of Calendar Office to the implementation of Xi Yang Suan Fa Xin Shu,8 antagonisms between new and old calendar and the case happened in the years of Qing Kangxi.The argument is a mixed revolution including scientific theory and cultural and ethical ideas,which expressly shows the cultural factors affecting the spread of western natural science.All these cultural factors in different levels are connected with each other,and form the cultural structure that affects and limits the spread and development of western natural science.Thereinto pragmatic reason serving politic and ethic is at the core of Chinese traditional culture.The proprieties due of worship heaven and ancestors,the habit of mind of Confucius neutralism,and the political intervention from feudal rulers,which all together constitute the protective belt in different lavels.