The Comparative Study On The Model Of Spleen Injury In Mice

The theory of spleen and stomach has always been the research hotspot of the theory of traditional Chinese medicine,and spleen and stomach disease is now a multiple disease.Zhang Zhongjing put forward the concept of "spleen family" for the first time,that is,the whole gastrointestinal tract with spleen and stomach as the core,the pathogenesis of spleen family is various,so the author put forward the theory of spleen family injury to summarize the pathogenesis of spleen family.In this paper,the theory of spleen and stomach is the research direction,from the evolution of the theory of spleen and stomach and the evaluation of the animal model of spleen injury.In the first part of this paper,the methods of establishing the model of spleen injury animal,the evaluation criteria of the model,the research progress of the relationship between mitochondria and spleen in traditional Chinese medicine,and the research progress of mitochondrial autophagy are reviewed.The animal models of spleen injury include multi factor and single factor models.In the single factor models,four methods are the most commonly used,i.e.bitter cold diarrhea,diet loss,overwork and reserpine.There are great differences among the models,but the comparative study of the models is not enough.In addition,the evaluation indexes of the model are rich,ranging from macroscopic indexes to physicochemical indexes to molecular biological indexes,covering various aspects such as organism immunity,metabolism,genetic function,etc.many scholars also realize that there is a close relationship between spleen and mitochondria in traditional Chinese medicine,and that there are structural and functional abnormalities in mitochondria in the animal model of spleen injury.Mitochondrial autophagy is a complex physiological process in mitochondria,which plays an important role in maintaining the number of mitochondria and cell homeostasis.In the second part of this paper,based on the historical nodes and the works or doctors who have made outstanding contributions to the theory of spleen and stomach,the historical process of the evolution of the theory of spleen and stomach is straightened out from a macro perspective,and the four main stages of the evolution of the theory are summarized.(1)During the Qin and Han Dynasties,the theory of spleen and stomach,represented by Huangdi Neijing,focused on the physiological function and pathological changes of viscera,and emphasized the digestion and absorption of food in human body by the coordination of spleen and stomach.It also mentioned the close relationship between spleen and stomach,blood and muscle.(2)From the end of Han Dynasty to Tang Dynasty,theories represented by Zhang Zhongjing's academic system focused on clinical practice.The theory of spleen and stomach changed from a model describing physiological and pathological changes to a thinking process of clinical diagnosis and treatment.In Treatise on febrile diseases,the concept of“stomach family”is put forward,which is based on the theory that the spleen governs the stomach and inherits the theory that the spleen governs the four limbs in Huangdi Neijing,and finally forms Taiyin spleen family theory.(3)In the period of Song Jinyuan,the theory of spleen and stomach was developed on the basis of the previous theories of the doctors,which formed various theories of the theory of spleen and stomach.(4)During the Ming and Qing Dynasties,with the introduction of Western learning to the East,the theory of traditional Chinese medicine began to be Philosophized and systematized,and the theory of spleen and stomach was further separated from the theory of practice.In the third part of this paper,we compare four kinds of common spleen injury models through experimental research,evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the models and applicability,study the causes of spleen injury,and explore the modern scientific connotation of spleen injury.According to the literature method,four models were reproduced:bitter cold diarrhea model,diet loss model,overwork model and reserpine model.The first three models were used to simulate different causes of spleen injury,while reserpine model was used to simulate symptoms.Through the macro index,the level of serum D-xylose and the treatment of Sijunzi Decoction,the model was successfully reproducedThe macroscopical indexes of the four models were compared:the weight and food intake of mice were measured,and the macroscopical signs scoring table was designed according to the relevant literature,and the signs were statistically analyzed and compared.The experimental results showed that the symptoms of reserpine model group were the most serious,and the symptoms of the group with irregular diet were the least;the time from swimming to exhaustion was measured by weight-bearing swimming,the experimental results showed that the swimming time of reserpine group was significantly longer than that of the other model groups,and the swimming time of the other model groups was shortened to exhaustion.After the completion of modeling,the mice recovered naturally for ten days,and then measured the weight,food intake and swimming time again to judge the stability of the model,the results showed that the stability of the bitter cold diarrhea group was the best.Compared with the physical and chemical indexes of the four models:the thymus and spleen indexes were used to measure the immune function of the model,and the experimental results showed that reserpine method and bitter cold diarrhea method had significant effects on the cellular and humoral immune functions of the mice,while diet loss method and overwork method only had significant effects on part of the immune functions of the mice;the blood picture was detected by the blood analyzer,and the experimental results showed that the reserpine method and the bitter cold diarrhea method had a wide range of effects on the blood quality of mice,and the diet loss method had no significant effect on the blood quality of mice;the colorimetric method was used to detect the serum starch activity of model mice,the experimental results showed that the reserpine method and the bitter cold diarrhea method had significant effects on the digestive system function of mice,and the overworked method had no significant effect on the digestive system function of mice.Compare the mitochondrial function of the four models:PCR was used to detect mtDNA relative copy number and mitochondrial autophagy related genes PINK1 and parkin.The experimental results showed that the mtDNA relative copy number of mice in the purgation group,the diet loss group and the overworked group decreased significantly,the expression level of PINK1 mRNA in the purgation group and the diet loss group decreased significantly,and the expression level of parkin mRNA in the reserpine group increased significantly.