| Objective:The research aims to investigate the knowledge,attitude,behavior,as well as preventive measures and practices of China overseas labor workers on disease prevention and control,it would like to gain more knowledge about the medical service condition of overseas labor workers in African countries,so as to provide scientific basis for improving the understanding of prevention and control of malaria of expatriate overseas labor workers and formulating prevention and control measures against malaria.Analyze the factors of malaria infection of China overseas labor workers in Africa and find out the influencing factorsMethod:This study selected the expatriate overseas labor workers in Africa by Beijing Urban Construction Group Co.,Ltd,Beijing Construction Engineering Group,Beijing Institute of Architectural Design,China Securities Co.,Ltd,China Railway Construction Engineering Group,Jiangsu Jiangdu Construction Group Co.,Ltd,China Civil Engineering Construction and SINOCONST,including 441 labor workers currently in Africa as well as those who had returned home.Through the assistance of medical team personnel in Africa and also the help of the local project managers in Africa to conduct the questionnaire survey by distributing online questionnaires to overseas labor workers.The KABP questionnaire and self-designed questionnaire were used.The content mainly include:the basic demographic information and work environment status,the understanding of relevant knowledge of malaria,the attitudes of overseas workers to malaria,the behavior after the onset of malaria as well as the local health accessibility.This study collects data based on the questionnaire star platform.With a double entry method to ensure the accuracy of data input,and conducts logical inspection and inspection,statistical analysis was carried out through R software(version 3.6.1).In terms of statistical methods,arithmetic mean,standard deviation,median,interquartile spacing and composition ratio were used for statistical description according to the nature of the data.While the study adopted ?2 test to perform single factor analysis,unconditional binary classification logistic regression analysis was selected in multivariate analysis selected.Moreover,by using stepwise regression method(Stepwise Regression)to screen independent variables,and likelihood ratio chi-square test method to test whether the overall logistic regression model before and after optimization is different,the step-by-step regression method for screening variables was set at 0.05 for both entry criteria and elimination criteria with a standard of two-sided test.In order to incorporate more possible influencing factors into the regression model for analysis,the test level ? of the single factor analysis is set to 0.10.Result:1.The basic situation characteristics:A total of 441 dispatched labor workers in Africa completed the survey,and 399 valid questionnaires.These people are distributed in 26 African countries,mainly sierra Leone(31.33%,125/399),Tanzania(15.79%,63/399)and other countries.Most of them were male(85.21%,340/399)The age ranged from 21 to 63,and the median age was 33(IQR:the age from 29 to 43)In the distribution of educational background,most of them are college students(44.11%,176/399),About half of the labor workers English proficiency can be up to the level of simple communication(56.14%,224/399);The technical titles of the labor works were mainly junior titles(34.59%,138/399)and intermediate titles(34.34%,137/399).2.The awareness of the knowledge of disease prevention and control:The total awareness rate of malaria prevention and control knowledge among participants in this survey was 73.58%(±1.369).The lowest score was 3,while the highest score was 10,with an average score of 7.358.With regard to "Malaria is a dangerous tropical disease that is contagious,it could cause severe symptoms and even lead to death"(awareness rate=71.68%,,286/399),"Malaria can be prevented"(awareness rate=88.97%,355/399),"Malaria can be cured"(awareness rate=94.49%,377/399),"Malaria is transmitted by mosquito bites"(awareness rate=99.50%,397/399),and other questions have high awareness rate.For "measures to prevent malaria:sleeping under insecticide-treated mosquito nets,spraying the interior of the home with insecticide"(awareness rate=58.65%,234/399)and "pregnant women and young children are at greater risk of malaria"(awareness rate=56.64%,226/399).The awareness rate of such topics is low.3.The attitude related to malaria control and prevention:The attitude of study subjects towards disease prevention and control is basically good.The result of subject with 98.50%higher degree(393/399=98.50%)felt 'it is necessary to know the prevalence of malaria in working areas',The result of subject with 1.50%higher degree think it is unnecessary;93.23%(372/399=93.23%)believed that "malaria should be diagnosed and treated in a timely manner";96.24%(384/399=96.24%)indicated that they would "actively learn scar and disease knowledge",while only 3.76%higher degree(15/399=3.76%)indicated that they would not actively learn.Among those who did not actively learn malaria-related knowledge,the main reasons were:the content was too professional to understand(53.33%,8/15=53.33%),and there was no time(46.67%,7/15=46.6%).4.The behavior related to malaria control and prevention:in the investigation result of the behavior related to malaria control and prevention,87.47%(349/399)would "Take the initiative to consult colleagues or others about the prevalence of malaria in their work area before going abroad";54.39%(217/399)took preventive and curative drugs by themselves when working abroad this time;74.94%(299/399)said that "their labor company provided malaria control drugs for employees";25.56%(102/399)said they "they would take malaria prophylactic drugs while working outside the home";70.18%(280/399)indicated that "they would take malaria medication in the presence of symptoms of malaria";82.96%(331/399)"use mosquito repellent when working abroad";77.94%(311/399)"use bed nets every night".5.Medical service utilization and demand:In the survey of the medical service utilization and demand,among the dispatched African labor workers this time,27.32%(109/399)of the company's medical staff;In the survey of medical channels,"going to the medical center of China's foreign Aid team for medical treatment" has become the most preferred option for dispatched African labor workers(75.69%,302/399);14.04%(56/399)of the respondents indicated that they did not live in the place with a medical institution that could treat malaria;Only 30.83%(123/399)were able to reach the nearest medical institution within half an hour of their residence;20.80%(83/399)of the respondents indicated that they did not always get the medical services they needed when they went to the local health service,and the main reasons included "lack of laboratory tests"(54.22%,45/83).In the satisfaction score of the medical treatment in the host country,he lowest score is 0,the highest score is 5,and the average score is 2.985(±1.295).6.The malaria infection status and influence factor:According to the survey of the malaria infection status during the period of going abroad,17.29%(69/399)of the respondents expressed that they had been diagnosed with malaria during the period of going abroad.And the multiple factors analyzing result showed that,after controlling other variables,the degree of master degree or above[OR=0.048(95%CL:0.003?0.249)]was a protective factor for malaria infection among the dispatched African labor workers.The malaria in the country is severe[OR=2.477(95%Cl:1.176?5.672)]?The frequency of mosquito bite is 1-2 times per week in the last 1 month[0R=2.791(95%Cl:1.116?8.044)]and bitten by mosquitoes every day[OR=2.829(95%Cl:1.082?8.414)]?it is believed that unnecessary to know local malaria prevalence[OR=11.532(95%Cl:1.731?110.384)]?it considers that colleagues can continue to be exposed to malaria[OR=7.184(95%Cl:2.885?22.636)]could be the risk factors of malaria infection for dispatched African labor workers.Conclusion:1.From the study,it could find that the knowledge level of malaria prevention and control among Chinese labor workers sent to Africa is relatively low,it mainly refers to the malaria prevention and control measures and the priority protection for high-risk groups.But their attitude and behavior towards malaria prevention and control are more positive2.In this study,Chinese dispatched African labor workers could be moderately satisfied with the local medical services,it lacks of medical convenience,the access to medical services is difficult.3.This study find that the related factors associated with the high infection rates of malaria of Chinese dispatched African labor workers may include:their own level of education,the prevalence of malaria in the countries where they live,mosquito bite frequency and attitude towards malaria prevention and control.4.It suggested to strengthen the publicity and education of malaria prevention and control knowledge of dispatched African labor workers with low education background and who are in the places of employment with high prevalence of malaria,to raise the awareness of malaria prevention measures,and actively to improve the attitude of the dispatched African workers towards the malaria prevention and control. |
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