Significance Of Electroencephalogram And Auditory Brainstem Response In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

Objective:The purpose of this study was to research the significance of EEG and Auditory Brainstem Response(ABR)in children with Autism spectrum disorder(ASD),and to explore the relationship between them and the severity of ASD.To provide new ideas for ASD screening and grading.Method:The autism group recruited 152 children with ASD in the outpatient clinic of Jiangxi Children's Hospital from January 2018 to December 2019,aged between 1 and 6 years old.They were diagnosed by the Department of Child Health and Neurology of Jiangxi Children's Hospital and met the diagnostic criteria of autism spectrum disorder in the 5th edition of American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(DSM-V).The control group recruited152 normal healthy children who underwent physical examination in the child health department in the same period,and their age and gender matched with the autism group.The basic information(gestational period,birth history,personal history,etc.)was collected and examined by EEG and ABR.The autistic group was divided into mild-moderate group and severe group according to the standard score of autism rating scale(Childhood autism rating scale,CARS),normal EEG group,slow background wave group and epileptiform discharge group according to the results of EEG.According to the results of EEG and ABR,the autism group was divided into normal group,only EEG abnormal group,only ABR abnormal group and both abnormal group.Statistical analysis was carried out respectively,and SPSS20.0 statistical software was used for data processing.Results:(1)Compared with the control group,the abnormal rate of EEG(28.29%)and ABR(41.45%)were higher in the autistic group(P<0.01).In EEG abnormalities,background activity moderated in 29 cases(19.08%),epileptiform discharges in 14 cases(9.21%);ABR abnormalities,the latency of wave I was prolonged in 8 cases(5.26%),and the latency and inter-wave interval of other waves were prolonged in 55 cases(36.18%).(2)The abnormal rate of EEG(42.25%)in severe group was higher than that in mild-moderate group(P<0.01).The abnormal rate of both in ABR and EEG(21.57%)was higher in severe group than that in mild-moderate group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in abnormal rate of ABR between the two groups(P>0.05).The latency of ?,?,? and the interval of ?-? in the severe group were significantly longer than those in the mild-moderate group(P<0.01),but there was no significant difference in the interval of wave ?-? and?-? between two groups(P>0.05).(3)the scores of CARS in normal EEG group,slow background wave group and epileptiform discharge group were higher than those in normal EEG group(P<0.0l,P<0.01),and CARS score was the highest in epileptiform discharge group and background wave slow group.(4)To do a pairwise comparison of the CARS scores of both normal group,only ABR abnormal group,only EEG abnormal group and both abnormal EEG group,we found both abnormal EEG group were higher than those of the other only abnormal EEG/ABR groups,and the CARS score of both abnormal group was the highest(P <0.01).Conclusion:The abnormal rates of EEG and ABR in children with autism spectrum disorder from 1 to 6 years old were higher than those in normal children.The abnormality rates of EEG,EEG and ABR in children with severe autism spectrum disorder were higher than those in children with severe autism spectrum disorder.The latency of wave ?,?,? and wave ?-? of ABR were prolonged significantly.When epileptiform discharge or both EEG and ABR were abnormal,it suggested that the clinical phenotype of ASD was more serious.