Health Construction And Epidemic Prevention Of The Hubei Province After The Victory Of The Anti-Japanese War(1945-1949)

Hubei,located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River,has always been one of the provinces with the highest incidence of epidemics.After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War,Hubei is in the period of high incidence of epidemics during the Republic of China,the worst health and medicine conditions intensified the situation of epidemic prevention.Health construction and epidemic prevention are not only directly related to health,social stability but also the Kuomintang's founding of the country and the future of the nation.In order to provide reference for health agencies in all regions to conduct epidemic prevention,the Hubei government announced the epidemic prevention plan and the five-year construction plan of health for drawing up a blueprint of Hubei after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War.Government continued to adjust the health administrative system,Hubei Provincial Health Department was directly subordinate to the government,led the subordinate health agencies at all levels,including some agencies directly affiliated to the Hubei Provincial Health Department such as provincial hospitals,infectious hospitals,medical and anti-epidemic teams,other agencies supervised and guided by the same department such as county hospitals and health centers.Hubei Provincial Health Department serves as a guide and supervisor,health agencies at all levels are the actual operators of reconstruction.These agencies provided organizational guarantee and personnel base for health construction and epidemic prevention.In order to prevent and control the epidemic effectively,the Hubei government exerted the grassroots role of health agencies at all levels by promptly investigating the epidemic situation in various places and organizing the summer health campaign such as epidemic prevention week to spread common sense of epidemic prevention,even disseminating of epidemic prevention knowledge through flyers,comics,etc..When an epidemic occurs,emergency vaccinations would be taken to effectively control the source of infection and treat patients in time.Health construction is closely related to epidemic prevention.In addition to emergency measures of epidemic prevention,regular health construction can effectively eliminate or reduce the risk of occurrence and spread of epidemic,which is the fundamental strategy for epidemic prevention.Firstly,government gave full play to the role of health administration with reorganizing and enriching the health agencies of various regions,so that can strengthen the health work of demobilization.Secondly,government took some measures to strengthen preventive health care,including enhancing people's health awareness through the sanitation campaign,improving sanitary engineering and sanitary conditions,taking special attention to toilet renovation and drinking water disinfection,and spraying DDT to cut off the way in which pests spread diseases.Thirdly,these groups are susceptible to epidemic diseases,such as pregnant women,infant and children,whose self-immunity is lower than that of adults.Additionally,the health habits of children are not developed.Various health agencies worked closely with other agencies to arise the awareness of the community on health by formulating policies about health care,promoting school health work,taking advantage of the timing of Children's Day to launch a children's health competition.Fourthly,the Relief Organization of Hubei gave assistance to Hubei by distributing medical equipment,funding and other materials,it devoted itself to health construction,which effectively promoted the process of health construction and epidemic prevention in Hubei.Around the victory of the Anti-Japanese War,Hubei was in the recovery period of reconstructing epidemic prevention and health construction,the period from 1946 to 1948 was its major construction period,in the later period of the Liberation War,various health institutions were demoted or cancelled,so that health service was hard to be offered,which showed current political situation.In short,based on the interpretation and analysis of the relevant health files of the Hubei Provincial Archives,local chronicles and other materials,the article discusses the health construction and epidemic prevention of the Hubei Province after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War.The basic trend of health construction and epidemic prevention is good.However,the problems exposed also exist in the process of reconstruction.I hope that has much enlightenment on the resolution of similar public health emergency.