The Study For The New China's History Of Controlling Smallpox And Its Experience (1949-1961)

This paper mainly studies the New China's extinction of smallpox activities from1949-1961 through historical perspective.Smallpox(variola)is a kind of infectious disease caused by smallpox virus.The smallpox is highly contagious and has a high mortality rate.It has been accompanied by the development of human society for thousands of years and seriously affects human beings health.This situation continued until New China has been established by the Communist Party of China,the smallpox was almostly controlled,and was completely extinct.Compare the different responses,strategies and epidemic prevention effects of the Chinese Communist Party with the Republic of China,the author motivated people to deeply understand the Chinese Communist Party represents the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people,and the correctness of insisting the leadership of the Communist Party of China is the inevitable result for the people through the perspective of disease and social history.Based on the present,looking back to history,this article attempts to examine the practice of extinction smallpox in the early period of the new China in the historical process of China's modernization,sort out and explore the development of new Chinese health and epidemic prevention and the historical process of the extinction of smallpox,and compare the effects of extinction of smallpox before and after the founding of New China to summarize historical experience and enforce the understanding of the theoretical issues such as "Why the Communist Party of China can" and "Why the socialist system can?".And also provide a historical reference for the "healthy China" development strategy by General Secretary Xi who puts forward in the 19 th National Congress.In addition to the introduction,the main body of the article covers four chapters:The first part discusses the social background of new Chinese smallpox epidemic prevention from the aspects of widespread popularity of pop ceilings,prevalence of feudal superstitions,weak public health awareness,and frequent population movements.The second part discusses the historical context of the construction of epidemic prevention agencies,including the establishment of health and epidemic prevention institutions during the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China,the establishment of central and local health and epidemic prevention teams,the establishment ofgrassroots health organizations across the country,and the setting up of frontier health and quarantine institutions;According to historical data collected,the Chinese Communist Party's response to specific epidemic prevention measures was discussed from the aspects of the new Chinese health work policy,vaccination epidemic prevention,scientific epidemic prevention measures,and patriotic health movements,paving the way for the historical experience of refining in the third part;Compare the effectiveness of smallpox and epidemic prevention between New China and the Republic of China,and reflect on the differences in the work of the two parties in the three aspects of the ruling concept,the implementation of policies and the implementation of policies.Based on the reflection,the authour summarizes historical experience from the promulgation of a correct health policy,and the ideological concept of "determining to gradually improve the people's health cause".