Analysis Of Carotid Plaque And Its Influencing Factors Of High Risk Group For Stroke At High Altitude

Objective: Under high-altitude hypoxic conditions,stroke risk factors such as hypertension,hyperlipidemia,and erythrocytosis increase.At the same time,hypoxia leads to vascular endothelial damage,which increases the risk of atherosclerosis.At the same time,the literature reports that high-altitude environments cause effects The levels of serum homocysteine(Hcy)and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP)in atherosclerosis may be increased compared to the plain.The Serum Hcy levels in Tibetans are higher than in Hans.Chronic high altitude erythrocytosis,which is unique in the plateau,is a risk factor for stroke.However,the occurrence and effect of arterial plaque are unknown.The project intends to observe the occurrence of carotid plaques and its influencing factors in different ethnic groups at high risk of stroke in plateau areas.In particular,the effects of serum Hcy,hs-CRP,hemoglobin levels on carotid plaques will be observed.So as to accumulate clinical data for the diagnosis and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases in the plateau region.Methods:(1)Measure the weight,height,blood pressure,blood glucose,and blood lipids of Tibetans and Hans who are over 40 years old in Hainan Prefecture,and conduct a questionnaire survey through the stroke risk assessment form.According to the relevant results and the inclusion criteria,The high-risk group was screened,and further relevant clinical data of high-risk subjects were obtained.More than 100 cases were selected from the Han and Tibetan ethnic groups.(2)Bilateral carotid color Doppler ultrasound examination of high-risk groups detected by the screened physicians who have undergone formal training in our department and obtained a certificate of ultrasound examination;at the same time,two 5ml samples were collected at the scene,centrifuged,and the blood samples were placed at-30 ° C after centrifugation.It was stored frozen in a refrigerator,and concentrated measurement was performed.A 2 ml blood sample was collected and the hemoglobin level was measured.(3)To analyze the risk factors,the detection of carotid plaques,the influencing factors and the differences between ethnic groups.Results: A total of 260 high-risk populations in Hainan were screened,125 in Tibetan and 135 in Han.Compared with Han nationality,the proportion of abnormal blood lipid and overweight in Tibetan was higher,which was statistically significant(x2 = 7.420,P<0.05,x2 = 7.099,P<0.05);the detection rate of Han nationality plaque was 28.9%(39 / 135),and the detection rate of Tibetan plaque was 25.6%(32 / 125).There was no statistical significance between the two groups Significance(?2 = 0.354,P > 0.05);The levels of serum Hcy,hs-CRP,and Hb in the plaque-positive group of Tibetan residents were higher than those in the plaque-negative group,all of which were statistically significant(t = 2.951,P<0.05,t = 2.135,P <0.05,t = 3.504,P < 0.05);The serum levels of Hcy,hs-CRP,and Hb in the plaque-positive group of the Han residents were higher than those in the plaque-negative group,which were statistically significant(t = 2.164,P <0.05,t = 2.005,P<0.05,t = 5.819,P<0.05);Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that serum Hcy(OR = 1.084,P= 0.01),hs-CRP(OR = 1.092,P = 0.04),and Hb(OR = 1.015,P = 0.02)levels were risk factors for carotid plaque formation in Tibetan and Han residents;The serum Hcy of the Tibetan was higher than that of the Han nationality,which was statistically significant(t=3.834,P< 0.05),and the serum Hb of the Han nationality was higher than that of the Tibetan,which was statistically significant(t= 4.945,P < 0.05),while the hs-CRP of the two groups was not statistically significant(t= 1.173,P > 0.05).Conclusion:1.High-risk Tibetan stroke patients at high risk have higher levels of dyslipidemia and overweight than Tibetans,the detection rate of carotid plaque is 25.6% in Tibetan and 28.9% in Han,there is no difference between Tibetan and Han.2.Serum Hcy,hs-CRP and Hb levels are related to carotid plaque formation.3.There are differences in serum Hcy and Hb levels between Han and Tibetan groups.Tibetan serum Hcy is higher than Han,and serum Hb is higher than Tibetan,but there is no difference in serum hs-CRP level between Tibetan and Han groups.