| Objective To analyzes the growth and development trends of Han children and adolescents aged 7-18 in Ningxia from 2000 to 2014,reveals the regularity of growth and development,discusses the influence of social and economic factors on the growth and development of children and adolescents,and then puts forward specific intervention suggestions,providing scientific basis for further improving the physical health of children and adolescents in Ningxia.Methods The data of physical fitness and health survey of children and adolescents aged7-18 in Ningxia autonomous region from 2000 to 2014 were selected from the national student physical fitness and health survey database.According to the requirements in the work manual of national student physical fitness and health survey,a total of 28,750 students were selected by stratified cluster random sampling,including 14,431 male students and14,319 female students.The male-female ratio was 1.01:1.There were 14,475 people in the city and 14,275 people in the countryside,with a ratio of 1.01:1.Dynamic sequence statistical method was used to analyze the change trend of body shape,lung capacity and sports quality of Han students aged 7-18 in Ningxia from 2000 to 2014.Statistical description of measurement data was expressed as mean±standard deviation,t-test of independent samples was used for comparison between two groups of measurement data,and anova of completely random design was used for multi-group comparison.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between growth and economic indicators.Results1.From 2000 to 2014,the height of children aged 7-18 years of Han nationality in ningxia increased year by year.In the past 14 years,the height of male and female students increased by 3.87cm and 3.61cm respectively,among which the height of urban male students,rural male students,urban female students and rural female students increased by3.43cm,4.28cm,3.11cm and 4.05cm respectively.The height of male students was higher than that of female students(P<0.01),and that of urban students was higher than that of rural students(P<0.01).In 2014,compared with 2000,the growth rate of male students was greater than that of female students(P<0.01),and that of rural students was greater than that of urban students(P<0.01).2.From 2000 to 2014,the weight of children and adolescents of Han nationality in Ningxia showed an increasing trend year by year.During the 14 years,the weight of men and girls increased by 5.57kg and 3.30kg respectively,among which the weight of urban boys,rural boys,urban girls,and rural girls increased by 5.90kg,5.17kg,3.59kg,and 2.96kg respectively.The weight of boys was higher than that of girls in each survey year(P<0.01).The weight of urban students was higher than that of rural students(P<0.01).In 2014,compared with 2000,the growth rate of boys was greater than that of girls(P<0.01),and that of urban students was greater than that of rural students(P<0.01).3.From 2000 to 2014,the bust of children and adolescents aged 7 to 18 years in Ningxia showed an overall downward trend and then an upward trend.Compared with 2000,the bust of urban boys,rural boys,urban girls,and rural girls increased by 1.41cm,0.96cm,2.36cm,and 1.94cm in 2014,respectively.The bust of boys was higher than that of girls in each survey year(P<0.01),and the bust of urban students was higher than that of rural students(P<0.01).In 2014,compared with 2000,the growth rate of female students was greater than that of male students(P<0.01),and that of urban students was greater than that of rural students(P<0.01).4.From 2000 to 2014,the BMI of children and adolescents aged 7 to 18 years in Ningxia showed a"fluctuation".Compared with 2000,the BMI of urban boys,rural boys,urban girls,and rural girls increased by 1.61kg/m~2,1.15kg/m~2,0.91kg/m~2,and 0.48kg/m~2 in 2014.Girls'BMI in 2000 was higher than that of boys The BMI of boys was higher than that of girls from 2005 to 2014,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).The BMI of urban students was higher than that of rural students in each survey year(P<0.01).5.From 2000 to 2014,the vital capacity of children and adolescents aged 7-18 years in Ningxia Han population generally decreased first and then increased.In 2010,it became the main“inflection point”for the decline in vital capacity in 14 years.Compared with 2000,the vital capacity of urban boys,rural boys,urban girls,and rural girls decreased by 200.77ml,58.07ml,259.64ml,and 73.76ml in 2014.The lung capacity of boys was higher than that of girls in all survey years(P<0.01),and the lung capacity of urban students was higher than that of rural students(P<0.01).Compared with 2014,the decline rate of female students was greater than that of male students(P<0.01),and the decline of urban students was greater than that of rural students(P<0.01).6.From 2000 to 2014,the 50-meter running speed and quality of Han children of 7-18years old in Ningxia showed a steady trend.Compared with 2000,urban boys,rural boys,urban girls,and rural girls increased their 0.17s,0.07s,0.20s,and 0.17s in the 50-meter running time in 2014,respectively.Females were higher than males in running 50 meters in each survey year(P<0.01),and rural students were higher than urban students in running 50meters(P<0.01).7.From 2000 to 2014,the endurance quality of 50*8 round-trip runs for children and adolescents aged 7-12 years in Ningxia showed a downward trend.In 2014,50*8 round-trip runs took 8.71s more than in 2000.Girls in each survey year returned 50*8 More running time than boys(P<0.01),and 50*8 round-trip running times for urban students were more than for rural students(P<0.01).The 13-18 year-old boys'endurance quality for the1,000-meter run is declining.In 2014,the 1,000-meter run took 20.62s more than in 2000.The 13-year-old girl's endurance quality in the 800-meter run is on the decline.In 2014,the800-meter run time increased by 14.54s compared with 2000.The endurance quality of rural students aged 13-18 in each survey year was higher than that of urban students(P<0.01).8.Morphological indicators Height,weight,bust are positively correlated with economic indicators,but negatively correlated with Engel coefficient;vital capacity is negatively correlated with economic indicators,but positively correlated with Engel coefficient.The time used for speed and endurance tests showed a positive correlation,but a negative correlation with the Engel coefficient.Conclusion1.The height and weight of morphological development indicators of Han students in Ningxia continued to increase.The height and weight of boys are higher than girls,and the height and weight of urban students are higher than those of rural students,suggesting that urban students are more likely to be overweight and obese.2.The bust and BMI of Han students in Ningxia showed fluctuations,increasing and decreasing.The bust of boys is higher than that of girls,and the bust of urban students is higher than that of rural students.The BMI of girls was higher than that of boys in 2000,while the BMI of boys was higher than girls from 2005 to 2014,and the BMI of urban students was higher than that of rural students.3.The overall vital capacity of Han students in Ningxia showed a downward trend.Boys have higher lung capacity than girls.The vital capacity of urban students is higher than that of rural students.4.There is no particularly obvious increase or decrease in the speed and quality indicators of Han students in Ningxia,and the endurance quality has decreased year by year.5.The growth and development level of Han students in Ningxia are related to economic factors.Among them,height and weight in morphological indicators have the strongest correlation with economic indicators. |
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