| Objective:To evaluate the status of growth and development,and health status of preschool children in Yanbian area.To explore the main problems of pre~school children and to provide the scientific evidence for improving the management level of children’s health care and the policy making.Methods:This study was a descriptive study in a non~experimental study.Random cluster sampling was used and physical examination data of 8535 preschool children aged 3 to 6 years in 6 community health service centers were collected in Yanji city,including gender,date of birth,height,weight,anemia,dental caries,vision indicators.“The criteria for growth and development of children under 7 years of age”officially released by the Ministry of public health in June 2,2009 was selected as the evaluation criteria.Theheight for age(HFA)，weight for age(WFA)and weight for height(WFH)for children were evaluated using the rank evaluation method.Hemoglobin content<110g/L is anaemia.The teeth are brown or dark brown,or there are obvious cavities is considered to be dental caries.Visual acuity ≤0.6 for 4~year~olds and visual acuity≤O.8 for 5~year~olds or older are low vision.Statistical software(spss1 7.0)was used,and the t~test and chi~square test were used for statistical analysis.Results:(1)In this study,there were significant differences in height and weight among ages(p<0.05),genders and nationalities.(2)The rates of growth retardation and low body weight were 5.7%and 5.5%,respective.And there was a statistical difference in different nationalitiess(p<0.01).The overweight rate was 12.5%,and there were statistical differences in genders and nationalities(p<0.05).The obesity rate was 10.2%，and there was a statistical difference in different genderss(p<0.01).(3)The rate of growth retardation,low body weight and overweight were decreased year by year,but the rate of obesity was increased who born from 2014 to 2016.(4)The rate of anemia was 1.4%and there were no difference in ages or nationalities(p>0.05).But there was statistical difference in genders(p<0.05).The rate of anemia was decreased year by year.(5)The rate of dental caries was 59.6%,there were statistical differences in ages and nationalities(p<0.01),but not in genders(p>0.05).The rate of dental caries increased who born from 2014 to 2016.(6)The rate of weak eyesight was 13.0%,there were statistical differences in ages and nationalities(p<0.05).But not in genders(p>0.05).Conclusion:(1)The height and weight of children were in standard range,and the growth was well.Annual average growth was better in Han children,and annual average weight was better in korean children.(2)There was a significant increase in height and weight in all age groups and the growth trend of boys and girls was consistent.(3)The rates of growth retardation,low body weight were decreased but the rate of obesity was increased.(4)There were statistical differences in growth retardation,low body weight and overweight between Han and korean children.(5)The rate of anemia was decreased but dental caries and weak eyesight were increased.There were statistical differences in dental caries and weak eyesight between Han and korean children. |
