| Objective:To understand the status quo of cognitive function of the elderly aged 65 and above in Yinchuan city,and to explore the related influencing factors of cognitive impairment in the elderly,so as to provide a reference for the health management of the elderly and the formulation of intervention measures related to cognitive impairment in this region.Methods:From July 2018 to May 2019,a cross-sectional study,including questionnaire,scale evaluation,physical and laboratory examination,was carried out among 5509 residents aged?65 years old in Yinchuan city selected with stratified random sampling.To analyze the cognitive function status of the elderly with different characteristics,and to screen out those with cognitive impairment,a 1:1 matched case-control study was used to explore its influencing factors.SPSS 23.0 software was used for statistical analysis of data.Results:1.Cross-sectional studyThe average score of Mini-mental Status Examination scale for the elderly in Yinchuan city was 22.34±4.99,which was higher in men?22.94±4.89?than in women?21.81±5.01??t=8.437,P<0.001?.The detection rate of cognitive impairment of the elderly aged 65 and above was 31.7%.The total score of MMSE scale and its sub-items in the normal cognitive function group were higher than those in the cognitive impairment group.The older the age and the lower the educational level,the higher the detection rate of cognitive impairment in the elderly(?2trend age=38.281,?2trend education level=4.039,P<0.05).The detection rate of cognitive impairment in rural areas,without spouse and manual workers was higher than that in cities,with spouse and mental workers?P<0.05?.The worse the evaluation of one's current situation,the higher the detection rate of cognitive impairment,and the difference between groups was statistically significant?P<0.001?.The detection rate of cognitive impairment in people who do not drink tea or exercise was higher than that in people who drink tea or exercise(?2tea or not=3.910,?2exercise=78.389,P<0.05).The detection rate of cognitive impairment in the elderly was different with different activity participation and disease.The effects of age and gender on the cognitive function of the elderly were interacted by multiplicative and positive addition models,and the OR?95%CI?of the product term was1.297?1.0741.568?.The effects of job category and educational level on cognitive function of the elderly had positive additive model interaction,but no multiplicative model interaction.2.Case-control studyThe results of multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis on 1740 case-control pairs showed that rural areas?OR=1.689?,main sources of financial support from the government?OR=1.437?,poor health condition?OR=1.728?,higher total cholesterol?OR=1.876?,abnormal respiratory rate?OR=1.685?,depression of different degrees?OR=1.350?and need for help in daily life?OR=4.529?were risk factors for cognitive impairment.Previous occupations were administrative or institution staff?OR=0.261?,company or enterprise staff?OR=0.346?,the main sources of income were pension?OR=0.618?,monthly economic income was 1001-2000 yuan?OR=0.527?,tea drinking?OR=0.595?,Taking part in physical exercise?OR=0.563?,regular participation in community activities?OR=0.650?,reading books and newspapers?OR=0.746?,watching TV?OR=0.629?and playing mahjong?OR=0.596?,which were protective factors for cognitive impairment of the elderly.Conclusion:1.The detection rate of cognitive impairment among the aged?65 years old in Yinchuan is 31.7%,which is generally at a high level.2.The elderly,without spouse,with low educational level,poor self-evaluation of the current situation,hypertension,depression and other characteristics of the population have a high detection rate of cognitive impairment.This part of the population should be the focus of cognitive function screening.3.Many factors,such as previous occupation,economic status,lifestyle,participation in activities,depression or not,can affect the cognitive function of the elderly.This suggests that we should strengthen the publicity and popularization of the knowledge related to cognitive impairment in the elderly,improve people's understanding and attention to cognitive impairment,guide people to take reasonable intervention measures to delay the process of cognitive decline and reduce the risk of cognitive impairment. |
PDF Full Text Request