Mechanism Of Budesonide Nasal Spray In The Treatment Of Allergic Rhinitis

Background:Allergic rhinitis is more common in daily life.It is a common allergic rhinitis.It is exposed to specific or direct indirect contact with allergic organisms under the influence of external conditions and internal genes.An allergen,followed by an allergic disease that develops in the nasal mucosa.At present,the academic community has learned that it is mainly involved in IgE-mediated and inflammatory mediators and or a variety of immune cells and cytokine interactions,and is a non-infectious chronic nasal inflammatory disease.With the progress of society,especially in recent years,the pollution of the air environment is increasing,and the prevalence of respiratory diseases is increasing year by year.AR has become one of the main chronic inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract.Allergic rhinitis in the daily pathogenesis is mostly nasal itching,nasal congestion,intermittent nasal non-ventilation,paroxysmal sneezing,continuous watery nose,etc.as the main clinical manifestations,a few symptoms of olfactory hypothyroidism can be seen in clinical work.patient.Clinically common AR-induced complications include secretory otitis media,allergic sinusitis,and nasal polyps.In addition to these complications,studies have shown that AR is closely related to asthma and is one of the risk factors for poor asthma control,which can have a serious impact on people's quality of life.AR has caused great troubles for patients'study and daily work,and the related treatment costs have also increased the economic burden for patients and the whole society.At present,more and more domestic generic drugs are introduced to the market,and Beishounin are the first imported generic drug for budesonide.However,there are few experimental studies on its therapeutic effects and specific mechanisms.Budesonide is a drug that has been recognized by domestic and international countries for its allergic rhinitis.It is undoubtedly the most potent anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic agent in clinical practice.In clinical work,the drug feedback has a good therapeutic effect on allergic rhinitis and non-allergic rhinitis.It also has a certain effect on alleviating the symptomatic treatment of seasonal rhinitis and nasal polyps.Topical administration of budesonide nasal spray(by yours)in a nasal spray will allow such compounds to effectively increase the local drug concentration while reducing the single-use dose,thereby achieving better clinical efficacy and minimal side effects of the drug.Along with the in-depth development of AR related research,it is known to belong to type I allergic reaction,and the key link in its occurrence and development is the imbalance of Th1/Th2 regulation.Immunological experiments on CD4~+T cells have led us to understand that both Th1 cells and Th2 cells are two subpopulations of CD4~+T cells with different functions.In the existing research of cellular immunology,we have found that Th1 cells play a leading role in secreting IFN-?,tumor necrosis factor(TNF),etc.,and interleukin-2 and interleukin-12 are common.Th2 plays a major role in humoral immunity,secreting and releasing such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor(GM-CSF)and IL-3/4/5/6/8/13 in the interleukin family.AR is closely related to cytokines from the occurrence and development of diseases.IL-4 is the currently known Th2 main molecule and has been the focus of many research experiments.IL-13,a key molecule in the Th1/Th2 imbalance,is currently closely related to STAT but has little insight into its role in AR.Objectives:The main purpose of this study was to investigate the pathway and mode of action of budesonide in the treatment of AR.To analyze the main pathway molecules of budesonide in the treatment of allergic rhinitis,to understand its effects on local mucosa,and to explore the molecular mechanism and its effects on ultrastructure,to provide further basic theory for the treatment of AR.Try to use the liquid crystal chip and other technical means to find a new evaluation index for building the AR model.Methods:1.Materials:A total of 162 healthy SD rats were used in the experiment,divided into three groups:blank group,AR model group,and AR multiple group.2.Rats were intubated under anesthesia,and alveolar lavage fluid and venous blood samples were taken.The nasal mucosa of the rat was dissected and fixed for observation.3.Compare animal behavioral scores to determine successful modeling of AR rats.4.According to the experimental design,different drugs and time interventions were given to different groups of rats.The changes of His,OVA-IgE,interleukin and tumor necrosis factor in serum and alveolar lavage fluid were detected.5.According to the different drugs and time intervention,observe the histomorphology of the nasal mucosa and the pathological changes of mucosal epithelial cilia.Quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of STAT6 gene,and Western blot was used to detect the expression of STAT6 and p-STAT6 protein.Results:1.By basic sensitization combined with local excitation,the animal behavioral scores of the AR model group were greater than or equal to 5 points after modeling,and the blank control group was less than 5 points.2.Serum His and OVA-IgE in the model group SD rats were significantly different from the SD rats in the blank control group.The concentrations of cytokines IL-4 and IL-13in serum and alveolar lavage fluid of AR model group were significantly higher than those of SD rats(p<0.01).After intervention with budesonide(by you),the expression of related indicators was down-regulated and significantly lower than the AR model group,the difference was statistically significant(p<0.01).3.During the observation of HE staining of rat nasal mucosa,it was found that the nasal cilia of the AR model group was significantly reduced.After taking a drug budesonide(without you)for a certain period of time,HE staining observed that it had some r ecovery.Under the electron microscope,there was no significant difference in cell connections between the groups before and after treatment.Quantitative PCR results showed that the expression of STAT6 in the nasal mucosa of the AR model group was significantly higher than that in the blank group(p<0.01).The results of Western blot showed that the expression of STAT6 and p-STAT6 in the nasal mucosa of AR model group were compared.The blank control group was significantly improved with statistical difference(p<0.01).After intervention with budesonide(by you),the expression was down-regulated,which was significantly lower than that of the AR model group,and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.01).Conclusion:1.Through the basic sensitization combined with local nasal cavity stimulation,you can easily obtain a satisfactory AR rat model.2.Budesonide can reduce the cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-13,and down-regulate the expression of STAT6,thereby improving the symptoms of nasal mucosa in rats.3.Budesonide can effectively improve the nasal ultrastructure of AR rat model.