The Prophylactic Effect Of Budesonide Spary On IL-4,IL-5 In Model Of Allergic Rhinitis

Background and ObjectivesIn recent years, there has been some new knowledge for the pathogenesis of respiratory allergic disease, one of which is the concept of "the lightest persistent inflammatory response". This made the best allergy treatment options have changed, which is the fundamental shift from the clinical symptoms to reduce (or eliminate) inflammatory response. Studies have shown that both perennial allergic rhinitis, or seasonal allergic rhinitis patients, when continuous contact the lower dose of allergen, even without any clinical symptoms, but the nasal mucosa of allergic inflammation exists, showing infiltration of eosinophils (eosinophils, EOS) and expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule1, ICAM-1), a phenomenon known as the lightest persistent inflammatory response (minimal persistent inflammation, MPI). This study was designed to explore the prophylactic effect of Budesonide on IL—4,IL—5 in model of allergic rhinitis.Materials and Methods80 SD rats, were randomly divided into allergic rhinitis group(A group), experimental(B group), control group(C group) and negative control group(D group). The first three groups were sensitized with OVA. Since the 3th week, A, Band C groups were given 1% OVA in rats nasal cavity excitation,25ul/nose/time,1 time/ day,1 week; Later changed to 3 times/week, continue to inspire one week. From the 7th week, A group were still 1% OVA intranasal group, B and C groups to 0.01 % OVA, lasted three weeks, D group were sensitized and excited with normal saline instead of OVA. Numbers of sneezing and nasal scratching were recorded within 30min after each stimulation. After excitation, half of rats in the A group, B group, C group and D group were sacrificed and nasal EOS infiltration and IL-4, IL-5 expression were analyzed. The remaining rats of B group were given budesonide (64ug/side/time, twice/day) treatment for 2 weeks. A, C, D group were given normal saline nasal spray. After two weeks, A, B, and C groups were stimulated with 1% OVA once daily for one week, D group were given normal saline nasal spray, All rats were sacrificed after excitation, observed EOS infiltration and IL-4, IL-5 expression. All data were analyzed using SPSS statistical least significant difference (LSD) t test compared differences between groups.Result1. The result of the model:the 8th week, A group of rats had the typical symptoms of sneezing and nasal scratching and were different in average frequency of sneezing (P<0.05) comparing with the other three group; B and C group of rats had no difference compared with D group (P<0.05). After drug treatment, B group symptoms of mild allergic rhinitis, and had no difference compared with D group (P<0.05). The A group and C group suffered from typical symptoms of sneezing and nasal scratching, B group were significantly different compared with A, C group in the average number of sneeze (P<0.05).2. The result of HE staining:Clutter nasal mucosa for A group, goblet cells and glands proliferated obviously. There was a large number of EOS infiltration. The basic integrity of nasal mucosa for B and C group, goblet cells, glands and small vessels proliferated. In the mucosa layer and submucosa layer, around the capillaries and glands, there were EOS and other inflammatory cells. D group was the normal mucosa, no EOS infiltration. A group compared with B, C group had significant differences in mean eosinophils count (P<0.05). After drug treatment, B group only had a small amount of mucous EOS infiltration and had no significant difference compared with D group, but in A and C group EOS heavy infiltration, and goblet cells and glands proliferated obviously.3. The result of IH (Immunohistochemistry) method:①IL-4 positive signals were in the cytoplasm appearing as yellow or brown yellow and distributed in the epithelial cells, glandular cells and some inflammatory cells. Gray value of the positive areas:model were successful, A group of gray value and the B group and C group were significantly different compared (P<0.05), B group compared with the C group no significant difference (P> 0.05). After drug treatment, B group and A group, C group were significantly different compared (P<0.05), A group and C group were compared with no significant difference (P> 0.05).②Distribution of IL-5 positive ibid., nasal tissue IL-5 positive area on the gray scale comparison likewise.Conclusions1. Budesonide significantly attenuated symptoms of allergic rhinitis with application in MPI.2. Budesonide significantly inhibited the rat model of allergic rhinitis nasal mucosa EOS infiltration with application in MPI.3. Budesonide significantly inhibited the expression of IL-4, IL-5 in rat model of allergic rhinitis with application in MPI.