| ObjectiveThe health status of community-dwelling frail elderly was comprehensively evaluated using Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment(CGA).Analysis of the comprehensive health status among community-dwelling frail elderly affords statistical basis for the low-cost and cost-effective health management model for the elderly,so as to increase the independent activity living ability and improve the quality of life among the frail elderly in the community.MethodsThe current health status and influencing factors of which lead to the development from the pre-frail stage to the frail stage among 155 community-dwelling frail elderly were comprehensively evaluated using Barthel Index(BI),Lawton Instrument Activity of Daily Living(IADL),Morse,Mini Nutritional Assessment(MNA),Zung's Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS),Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE),Braden Scale,Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form(ICI-Q-SF),Ache Numeric Rating Scales(NRS)and Short Form of 36 Health Survey Questionnaire(SF-36).The quantitative data were described as mean,standard deviation or median(interquartile range).Frequency,rate and percentage of qualitative data were used for statistical description.Binary logistic regression analysis was used for multiple-factor analysis.Results1.Among the 155 community-dwelling frail elderly,81 cases(52.3%)met the one indicator of Frailty Phenotype(FP),48 cases(31.0%)met two indicators,21 cases(13.5%)met three indicators,5 cases(3.2%)met four indicators,and no cases met all five indicators.Among them,86 people met the indicator of grip strength decreases which appeared the most,accounted for 55.5%,7 people met the indicator of activity amount reduces which appeared the least,accounted for 4.5%.2.Among the 155 subjects,34(21.9%)were smokers or had quit smoking;36(23.2%)cases drank alcohol or used to drank;80(51.6%)subjects were obesity(the body mass index was 28.0 kg/m~2 or more than it);127(81.9%)persons with abdominal obesity(the waist circumference of men was more than 85.0 cm and the waist circumference of women was more than 80.0 cm);72(46.5%)frail elderly had visual impairment;80(51.6%)cases were hearing impairment;134(86.5%)patients with two or more diseases;45(29.0%)cases used five or more drugs;119(76.8%)subjects thought their health status was general or bad.BADL(Basic Activity of Daily Living)was moderate-severe impaired in 21 cases(13.5%);IADL of 134(86.5%)elderly with pre-frailty and frailty was moderate-severe dependent;16(10.3%)cases were at high risk of falling;42(27.2%)of them had moderate-severe ache;70(45.2%)subjects had moderate-severe degree of urinary incontinence;73(47.1%)cases had risk of mal-nutrition or were malnutrition;23(14.8%)had moderate-severe degree of depression;29(18.7%)subjects with cognitive impairment;The average score of quality of life was105.37±19.83.3.Binary logistic regression analysis results indicated that among community-dwelling pre-frail elderly age(OR=1.099,95%CI:1.013~1.192),drinking or used to drink(OR=6.261,95%CI:2.116~18.525)and widowhood(OR=3.745,95%CI:1.322~10.610)were risk factors,general or bad self-reported health status(OR=0.184,95%CI:0.065~0.520)was the protective factors for frailty((49)<0.05).ConclusionThe health status was not good for community-dwelling pre-frail and frail elderly and the problems of obesity,impaired audiovisual ability,comorbidities,urinary incontinence,depression and the high incidence of dependent IADL and pain were common among them,the pre-frail elderly who were aged,widowed,drinking or used to drink and in good self-reported health status had a high risk of developing into the frail stage.It's suggesting that on the management of pre-frailty and frailty we should focus on the health problems of them in the future.It's supposed to devote caregivers to strengthen the care of health for the community-dwelling pre-frailty and frailty,construct an effective management model so as to improve the health status,the ability to live independently and quality of life of them. |
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