Observation Of The Ultrastructural Of Placenta In Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Macrosomia

Objective: to study the gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)complicated with placental ultrastructure of macrosomia pregnant women with normal full-term macrosomia and placental ultrastructural m orphology between control group and visual learning differences,explained from the aspects of the placenta morphologic changes of GDM to macrosomia placental ultrastructure change characteristics,observe its with normal term infant between placental ultrastructure changes,and correlation analysis.Methods: 40 cases of cesarean section pregnant women in northwest women's and children's hospital from 2018 to 2019 were selected,among which 15 cases of pregnant women with GDM complicated with macrosomia and 15 cases of normal full-term macrosomia pregnant women had placental tissues,and 10 cases of the control group had placental tissues.First of all,the placenta was examined in the first time,the placental data were recorded,and the correlation was analyzed.Secondly,samples of placental tissues in each group were extracted and prepared into sections.The ultrastructure of samples of placental tissues in each group was observed under electron microscope.The change characteristics of placental ultrastructure between the three groups were observed and the relevant images and other data were recorded.At the same time,placental microvilli were observed under electron microscope,and visual parameters of placental microvilli were recorded and counted.Finally,the number of organelles in the field of vision of the above units was observed under electron microscopy,which mainly included: endoplasmic reticulum,mitochondria and golgi bodies.Results:1.Gross placental examination results showed that there were significant differences in the comparison of placental weight,placental volume and placental coefficient in the GDM complicated macrosomia group,the normal macrosomia group and the control group(P<0.05);The placental weight,placental volume and placental coefficient of the macrosomiagroup with GDM were greater than those of the normal macrosomia group and the control group,and the placental weight,placental volume and placental coefficient of the normal macrosomia group were greater than those of the control group(P<0.05).(1)the changes in the ultrastructure of the placenta of patients with GDM complicated with macrosomia were characterized by disordered arrangement of microvilli,partial deletion,irregular shape of syncytiotroph nuclei,and clumpy and edgy chromatin in the nucleus.The mitochondria in the cytoplasm were swollen,the mitochondrial crest dissolved and disappeared,some mitochondria were changed into vacuoles,the coarse reticulum was expanded,and the cell appearance was like a sieve.The cytotrophoblastic cells are located in the basement,the nuclei are irregular,euchromatin is abundant in the nucleus,and the perinuclear space is widened.The mitochondria in the cytoplasm were slightly swollen and the reticulum was expanded like a pool.Capillaries proliferate and basement membranes thicken.(2)in the normal macrosomia group,a monolith of syncytiotrophoblast cells and cytotrophoblast cells were observed on the surface of the placental villi under the electron microscope,with abundant microvilli on the free surface of the cells.At the same time,multiple nuclei were observed in syncytiotrophoblast cells,and the nuclei had no specific shape.Mitochondria were abundant in cytoplasm,mitochondria were slightly swollen,and the thick reticulum was distributed in cytoplasm like a cord.(3)under electron microscopy,the placental villi in the control group were observed to be of uniform size,clear villi trunk branches,no breakage or damage,and grade-wise branching and thinning.In addition,placental villi were distributed with flat monolith of syntrophoblast cells,and syntrophoblast cells were well developed.3.Visual parameters of microvilli under placental electron microscopy showed that there were significant differences in density parameters,distribution parameters and shape parameters of microvilli in the GDM complicated macrosomia group,the normal macrosomia group and the control group(P<0.05);The density parameters and shape parameters of the macrosomia group with GDM were lower than those of the normal macrosomia group and the control group,while the distribution parameters were higher than those of the normal macrosomia group and the control group(P<Meanwhile,the density parameters and shape parameters of the normal macrosomia group were lower than those of the control group,while the distribution parameters were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).4.The examination results of the thickness of each layer of the placental vascular syncytial membrane in the transportation area of the placental villi showed that there were significant differences in the average thickness of the syncytial basement membrane and the capillarybasement membrane between the GDM complicated macrosomia group,the normal macrosomia group and the control group(P<0.05);GDM concurrent macrosomia group average syncytium basement membrane thickness(? tau ? SB),average thickness of capillary basement membrane(? tau ? CB)were higher than in normal macrosomia group and control group,and normal macrosomia group syncytium average thickness of basement membrane(?tau ? SB),average thickness of capillary basement membrane(? tau ? CB)were higher than control group(P<0.05).Conclusion: the ultrastructure of placenta of pregnant women with GDM complicated with macrosomia had obvious morphological and visual changes compared with that of normal macrosomia pregnant women and the control group,which affected the function of placenta feeding and blood supply,and had a great influence on the pregnancy of pregnant women.