Study On The Relationship Between CAV-1 And Gloucose, Lipid Metabolism Signal Transduction Pathway In Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Complicated Macrosomia

Objective By studying the possible influencing factors of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)complicated macrosomia,to observe the expression of placenta signal molecules,and analysis of the signal regulation mechanism of GDM complicated macrosomia.Methods1.Screening of gestational diabetes mellitus: According to GDM diagnosed by the international diabetes and pregnancy study group(IADPSG)criteria,selection of GDM pregnant women 26 people,26 people in the normal control group.Age 23-40 years old;According to the diagnostic criteria of macrosomia,select gestational diabetes mellitus complicated macrosomia group(GDMM group,n=13),gestational diabetes mellitus complicated normal birth weight infant group(GDMN group,n=13)and normal infant of Control pregnancy group(CON group,n=13);The placental tissues were taken as the research objects.2.Real time fluorescent quantitative PCR(Real Times-PCR)technology detection of signal molecules: Detected in placenta tissue glucose transporter 1,caveolin-1,acetyl Co A Carboxylase,adenosine 5'-monophosphate(AMP)-activated protein kinase RNA expression,so as to detect changes in placenta tissue glucose and lipid signaling transduction pathway.3.Western blotting(Western blot)method for detection of signal molecules: Detect protein expression of glucose transporter 1,caveolin-1,phosphorylation of ACC,phosphorylation of AMPK in placenta tissue.Results1.General characteristics of research objects: Compared with gravida in the Control group,GDM group prepregnancy Body mass index(BMI)(P<0.01),gestational weight gain(P<0.05)and the blood glucose in the second trimester of pregnancy(P<0.01)were significantly higher,there was no significant difference between the two groups in blood glucose of the third trimester(P>0.05);Neonatal birth weight,neonatal birth length and proportion of macrosomia increased significantly compared with the control group(P<0.01).The neonatal birth weight and BMI,gestational weight gain,blood glucose of second trimester were positively related(P<0.01),but there was no correlation between neonatal birth weight and the blood glucose of the third trimester(P>0.05).2.RNA expression of GLUT1,Cav-1,ACC,AMPK? in placenta tissue: Compared with CON group and GDMN group,the GLUT1 RNA expression levels up-regulated significantly in GDMM group(P<0.05),there was no significant difference between GDMN group and CON group(P>0.05).The expression of Cav-1RNA in placenta tissue of GDMM group was significantly lower than that in CON and GDMN group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between GDMN and CON group(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the RNA expression level of ACC and AMPK between the three groups(P>0.05).Neonatal birth weight and placenta tissue RNA correlation analysis: Results showed that neonatal birth weight was negatively correlated with Cav-1 RNA expression and positively correlated with GLUT1 RNA expression(P<0.01).3.Protein expression of GLUT1,Cav-1,p-ACC(Ser79),p-AMPK(Thr172)in placenta tissue: Placenta tissue GLUT1 protein expression: Compared with CON group,GDMN group and GDMM group increased significantly(P<0.05),and GDMM group was significantly higher than that of GDMN group(P<0.01);Cav-1 protein expression level:GDMM group and GDMN group decreased significantly compared with CON group(P<0.05),and GDMM group significantly lower than GDMN group(P<0.01);p-ACC(Ser79)protein expression levels: Compared with the CON group,GDMN group and GDMM group were significantly reduced(P<0.05),p-ACC(Ser79)in GDMM group lower than in GDMN group(P<0.01);p-AMPK(Thr172)protein expression levels: GDMN group and GDMM group were significantly lower than the CON group(P<0.05),and the GDMM group down-regulated compared with the GDMN group(P<0.01).Neonatal birth weight and placenta tissue protein correlation analysis showed that,neonatal birth weight and GLUT1 of placenta tissue protein expression has positive correlation,was negatively correlated with Cav-1,p-ACC(ser79),p-AMPK(Thr172)protein expression(P<0.05).4.The correlation between the expression of placenta tissue protein: In placenta tissue,GLUT1 protein expression and Cav-1 protein expression was negatively correlated (P<0.05),the expression of GLUT1 and p-AMPK protein has no significant correlation(P>0.05);The expression of Cav-1 protein in placenta tissue was positively correlated with p-ACC and p-AMPK protein expression(P<0.01),the expression of p-ACC protein was positively correlated with the expression of p-AMPK protein(P<0.01).Conclusion1.The progestational obesity and high blood glucose of the the second trimester are closely related to the occurrence of macrosomia.2.The expression of Cav-1 protein and RNA decreased in the placenta of gestational diabetes mellitus complicated with macrosomia.3.Cav-1 may regulate AMPK mediated lipid metabolism signal transduction pathway,and negatively regulate the glucose metabolism signal transduction pathway mediated by GLUT1,which were involved in the occurrence of macrosomia.