The Detection Rate And Relevant Factors Of Salt-sensitive Hypertension In Patients With Primary Hypertension In Chongqing

Objective To survey the detection rate and blood pressure control rate of salt-sensitive hypertension in patients with primary hypertension in chongqing,China,and to investigate the relevant factors of salt sensitivity of blood pressure(SSBP)and blood pressure control rate of salt-sensitive hypertension.Methods Between November 2018 and November 2019,we enrolled patients with primary hypertension from 48 hospitals in Chongqing by means of convenient sampling method.We collected baseline data by questionnaire and physical examination.The salt sensitivity of blood pressure was determined by Cold Pressure Test.Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relevant factors of SSBP and blood pressure control rate.Results In total,2865 patients were included in our study.Among them,880(30.7%)patients were classified as having salt sensitivity of blood pressure.Compared with non-salt-sensitive hypertensive patients,salt-sensitive hypertensive patients are more likely to have high-salt diet,diabetes,left ventricular hypertrophy,carotid plaque,hyperuricemia,coronary heart disease,and heart failure(P < 0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that high-salt diet(OR=1.248,95%CI: 1.050 ~ 1.483)and carotid plaque(OR=1.480,95%CI: 1.169 ~ 1.875)were independent risk factors of salt sensitivity of blood pressure.Among the patients who received antihypertensive medication,the blood pressure control rate in the salt-sensitive group was lower than that in the non-salt-sensitive group(44.8% vs.49.8%,x =5.335,P=0.021).In the salt-sensitive group,control rate of blood pressure in patients who received diuretic therapy was higher than the others,and in the patients receiving diuretic therapy,control rate of blood pressure in salt-sensitive group was significantly higher than non-salt-sensitive group(P < 0.05).Age(OR = 1.579,95% CI: 1.132 ~ 2.203),high salt diet(OR = 0.698,95%CI: 0.503 ~ 0.968),receiving diuretics therapy(OR = 1.704,95%CI: 1.123 ~ 2.585),diabetes mellitus(OR=0.193,95%CI: 0.122 ~ 0.306)and heart failure(OR=0.427,95%CI: 0.185 ~ 0.981)were independent factors associated with control rate of blood pressure in patients with salt-sensitive hypertension.Conclusion Among the primary hypertensive patients enrolled,30.7% patients were classified as having salt sensitivity of blood pressure.The risk factors of salt-sensitive of blood pressure were high-salt diet and carotid plaque.The control rate of blood pressure in salt-sensitive hypertensive patients was 44.8%.Age,high salt diet,receiving diuretics therapy,diabetes mellitus and heart failure were independent factors associated with control rate of blood pressure in patients with salt-sensitive hypertension.Salt-sensitive hypertensive patients receiving diuretics therapy and keeping low salt diet can help get their blood pressure under control.