Expression And Significance Of Transcription Factor SOX3 In Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Background:Head and neck malignancies account for approximately 5.6%of systemic malignancies.Oral cancer is the third most common cancer in developing countries and the sixth most common cancer in the world.Oral squamous cell carcinoma is a typical oral cancer.Oral squamous cell carcinoma is highly malignant and prone to lymph node metastasis,resulting in poor prognosis and low survival rate.At present,a variety of comprehensive sequential treatment methods,such as enlarged surgical resection and lymphadenectomy,supplemented by radiotherapy and chemotherapy,are commonly used in clinical practice.However,the postoperative survival and quality of life of patients still do not change,mainly due to the recurrence of primary lesions and distant metastases.Both primary recurrence and distant metastasis have been reported to account for 70% of the fatal causes of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients.Although great progress has been made in treatment technology and reconstruction techniques of postoperative defect tissue,the quality of life of patient has changed,but the postoperative survival rate of oral squamous ell carcinoma has not significantly increased in recent decades.SOX3 of human belonging to the SOXB1 group(SOX1,SOX2,SOX3),located on chromosome Xq27.1,is a transcription factor.Studies have found that increased expression of SOX3 can induce chicken embryo fibroblasts to transform into tumor cells.Studies in chicken embryos and cultured mouse neural progenitor cells found that SOX3 plays a proto-oncogene in tumor formation,and be used as an inhibitor of neural differentiation.SOX3 is highly expressed in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and has a promoting effect on the biological behavior of squamous cell carcinoma.As an oncogene of osteosarcoma,SOX3 inhibits the proliferation,migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells by down-regulating SOX3.SOX3 is an oncogene of ovarian epithelial cancer.It is not only a key factor in carcinogenesis,but also one of the therapeutic targets for ovarian epithelial cancer.The state of SOX3 expression is an independent prognostic factor for liver cancer.SOX3 emerges increasingly in the field of tumor research,and more and more attentions are paid to its carcinogenic role.It is found that the research of SOX3 in oral squamous cell carcinoma tissues at home and abroad has not been reported.Experimental purpose:Our aim is to study the relationship the expression of SOX3 in oral squamous cell carcinoma tissues and corresponding non-tumor epithelial tissues,to analyze the relationship and significance of SOX3 and oral squamous cell carcinoma,to discuss the role of SOX3 in the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma and its mechanism,and to speculate that SOX3 may play an important role in the early diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma.Experimental methods:Sixty samples of oral squamous cell carcinoma were selected clinically(27 cases are highly differentiated,29 cases of moderately differentiated and 4 cases of poorly differentiated)At the same time,60 cases of non-tumor epithelial tissue(more than 5 cm from the primary lesion)were selected and the tissue samples were embedded in paraffin for sectioning.The above tissues were experimented by hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining to study the non-tumor epithelial tissues and different differentiated of SOX3 in the oral squamous cell carcinoma.The degree of expression of oral squamous cell carcinoma tissues was analyzed using SPSS22.0.The experimental results were statistically analyzed using the X~2test and the t test.P<0.05 is considered to be statistically significant and then to analyze the correlation between expression of SOX3 and oral squamous cell carcinoma.Experimental results:1.SOX3 is negatively expressed in the corresponding on-tumor epithelial tissues and deferentially expressed in oral squamous cell carcinoma tissues.The difference in the expression of SOX3 between the two tissues is statistically significant(P<0.05).2.The expression of SOX3 is not significantly correlated with the degree of differentiation,gender,age,and tumor size(P>0.05).Experimental conclusions:The expression of SOX3 in oral squamous cell carcinoma is significantly higher than its corresponding non-tumor epithelial tissue.Its expression is not related to the differentiation,age,gender,and tumor size of oral squamous cell carcinoma.It can be confirmed that SOX3 is abnormally expressed in oral squamous cell carcinoma.It is inferred that the expression of SOX3 may be related to the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma,and may become a marker for early diagnosis and treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma.