Prevalence And Influencing Factors Of Mild Cognitive Impairment Among Elderly In Community Of Qingdao

Background: The prevalence of dementia increases year by year with the aging of the population,which not only affects patients' memory,but also causes patients to lose basic life skills gradually,increases the burden of caregivers,and places a heavy economic burden on society.Dementia is currently considered the major public health issues facing worldwide.As a transitional period before dementia,mild cognitive impairment has already experienced cognitive impairment,but it may be reversed to a normal cognitive state,which is a favorable opportunity to prevent or intervene in dementia.Objective: To investigate the prevalence of Mild Cognitive Impairment(MCI)and the epidemiological characteristics of influential factors in Qingdao's community,and to provide evidence for the early detection and intervention of community dementia in Qingdao.Methods: It was carried out in 7 districts of Qingdao from January to April 2019.Multi-stage random cluster sampling was used to randomly select three districts.One street is randomly selected for each district,and two communities were randomly selected for each street.The investigation was conducted to collect the information of the population aged 60 years or older,which including physiological characteristics,living habits,physical conditions.The Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE),and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale(Mo CA)were used to estimate the cognitive status of the elderly.The Activity of Daily Living Scale(ADL)was used to assess the elderly's daily living ability.The statistical software SPSS 25.0 was uesd to analyze the data.Single-factor analysis was used to analyze the relationship between different physiological characteristics,living habits,physical conditions are the relationship of MCI.The logistic regression was used to analyze the influential factors of MCI.Result:(1)This study surveyed 1,220 community elders.Excluding those with incomplete and uncooperative data,a total of 1 184 subjects were included.The age of the survey subjects was 60 to 95 years,with an average age of(67.96 ± 6.49)years.There were 594 males(50.17%)and 590 females(49.83%).In this study,201 patients with MCI were screened,and the prevalence rate was 16.98%.(Weighted by the age composition ratio of the sixth census,the standardized prevalence rate of MCI among seniors in Qingdao community was 20.11%).(2)Univariate analysis showed that there was a significant difference in the prevalence of MCI among the patients' age,living status,work nature,education level,and whether the elderly suffered from depression(P <0.05).There were no significant differences in gender,marital status,smoking and drinking history,family history of dementia,and prevalence of MCI in elderly patients with cardiovascular disease.(3)Multivariate analysis showed that old age,living alone,and depression were risk factors for MCI(P <0.05),and higher education and mental work were protective factors for MCI(P <0.05).Conclusion:(1)The prevalence of MCI among the elderly people in communities in Qingdao is high;(2)MCI in elderly people in the community is mainly affected by many factors such as old age,low education level,engaged in manual labor,living alone and elderly people with depression.