Analysis Of Related Risk Factors And Pronunciation Errors In Children With Functional Articulation Disorders

Objectives The etiology of functional articulation disorders(FAD)in children is not clear.This study analyzes the relevant risk factors of FAD in order to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of FAD;Analyze the pronunciation errors of FAD children and provide theoretical basis for clinical rehabilitation training.Methods Using the convenience sampling method,74 cases of children diagnosed with FAD who were admitted to the outpatient clinic of the Children's Health Department of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2019 to December 2019 were diagnosed as"Fuzzy",including 49 males and 25 females;aged 4.0-8.7 years,mean age5.49±1.12years;71 cases of healthy children recruited by society,including 39 males and 32 females;aged 4.0-6.1 years,mean age 5.64±0.40 years.Scales,questionnaires,hearing and articulation organ examinations were performed by Children's Health Department,Ent and Department of Stomatology.Twenty-four factors that may be related to FAD were collected.After?~2 test,independent sample t test,rank sum test(Mann-Whitney U)analysis,binary logistic regression analysis was performed on the statistically significant results.At the same time,?~2 test was performed on children's pronunciation errors in FAD group.The differences were statistically significant at p<0.05.Results1.The results of?~2 test,t test,rank sum test(Mann-Whitney U)showed that the risk factors related to children's FAD are:articulation problems in first and second degree relatives(?~2=8.501,P=0.004);Unclear pronunciation of primary caretaker(?~2=7.458, P=0.006);PPVT scores(t=-3.825,P=0.000);conscious language time experimental group(M=13.000,Q=3.000),and control group(M=10.804,Q=3.500),P=0.000;conners1experimental group(M=0.575,Q=0.613),control group(M=0.330,Q=0.330),P=0.000;conners2 experimental group(M=0.750,Q=0.835),Control group(M=0.500,Q=0.750),P=0.012;conners4 experimental group(M=0.675,Q=1.095),control group(M=0.450,Q=0.750),P=0.022;conners6 experimental group(M=0.500,Q=0.750),control group(M=0.439,Q=0.400),P=0.006;Logistic regression analysis shows that there is a causal relationship with FAD:first and second-degree relatives have articulation problems(?~2=5.330,P=0.021),conscious language time(?~2=19.971,P=0.000),PPVT score(?~2=5.163,P=0.023).Among children's FAD initial pronunciation errors,the highest frequency is/z/(78.83%)and the lowest frequency is/b/(6.76%).Among the final pronunciation errors,the highest frequency is/en/(41.38%)and/un/(41.38%),the lowest are/a/(6.9%),/i/(6.9%).The proportion of vowels with vowels and consonants was39.19%,and the proportion of unvoiced vowels was 0.2.In the analysis of children's FAD initials pronunciation errors,the R×C listc~2 test(c~2=387.079,P=0.000)shows that the highest frequency is/z/(78.83%),and the lowest is/b/(6.76%);vowel pronunciation errors were tested by the R×C listc~2 test(c~2=54.883,P=0.000),and the highest frequency was/en/(41.38%)and/un/(41.38%).The lowest are/a/(6.9%)and/i/(6.9%).The proportion of vowels with vowels and consonants was39.19%,and the proportion of unvoiced vowels was 0.3.FAD children's/h/tone(?~2=5.434,P=0.020),/k/tone(?~2=7.573,P=0.006),/f/tone(?~2=4.658,P=0.031)have different pronunciation errors;The difference in age was statistically significant;the difference between/g/tone(?~2=4.381,P=0.036)and/k/tone(?~2=3.977,P=0.046)in different genders was statistically significant.Conclusion1.Genetic factors,delayed language development,and cognitive lag are related risk factors for FAD.2.Affected by the language development process,FAD children's initials and finals have different pronunciation errors.The highest frequency of errors are/z/,/en/,and/un/.3.In the various pronunciations of FAD children,only the/h/,/k/,/f/sounds tend to heal with age,and girls'/g/,/k/sounds are learned earlier than boys.