| Objective:1.To analyze the risk factors of full-term SGA and provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of full-term SGA infants.2.To analyze the early growth status of full-term SGA and discuss their suitable growth trajectories,laying a solid foundation for further reasonable growth management of early full-term SGA infants.Methods:1.A retrospective case-control study method was used to establish a model with Logistic regression analysis to screen for relevant risk factors.A total of 810 cases of SGA pregnant mothers with full-term delivery(37 weeks?gestational age<42 weeks)in the Guangdong Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 1,2019 to March 31,2020were positive,810 randomly selected full-term AGA pregnant women who were delivered at the same time were selected as a control object at a 1:1 ratio,retrospectively collect the relevant data of the prenatal and perinatal period of the pregnant mother and her fetus.2.A prospective cohort study method was adopted.Full-term(37 weeks?gestational age<42 weeks)SGA was included in the study group from April 1,2019 to March 31,2020 in Guangdong Maternal and Child Health Hospital.A 1:2 match based on gestational age and gender was used to select the full-term AGA born in the same period to be included in the control group.Measure their weight,length,and head circumference at 3 and 6 months of age respectively,and use Z integral to calculate whether there is catch-up growth,growth rate,and growth lever.Results:1.The single-factor and multi-factor Logistic regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors with statistical significance(P<0.05)of full-term SGA occurrence include:gestational hypertension(OR=4.482,95%CI:2.411,8.333),preeclampisa(OR=8.969,95%CI:4.667,17.236),anemia during pregnancy(OR=1.650,95%CI:1.277,2.132),primipara(OR=2.070,95%CI:1.658,2.586),low Body Mass Index before pregnancy(OR=1.987,95%CI:1.496,2.639),fetal growth restriction(OR=11.813,95%CI:3.567,39.152),twice(OR=8.056,95%CI:4.996,12.991).2.65 cases of full-term SGA and 212 cases of full-term AGA were followed up consecutively at 3 to 6 months of age.The propensity score matching method was used to select the full-term AGA with a 1:1 ratio of full-term SGA cases,a total of 65 cases in the full-term SGA group and AGA group were included in the analysis,there were no statistically significant differences in gestational age,gender,feeding style and family economic level between groups(P>0.05).Full-term SGA had a catch-up growth rate of56.9%within 3 months of age,78.5%had a catch-up growth within 6 months of age,and had a catch-up growth rate of greater than 3 months of age within 6 months(?~2=5.797,P=0.016).There is no difference between the?WAZ??LAZ??HCAZ in the full-term SGA group at 0-3 months old and the AGA group(t=1.268,P=0.207;t=1.110,P=0.269;t=1.258,P=0.211),and at 3-6 months of age are greater than the AGA group(t=4.268,P<0.001;t=4.594,P<0.001;t=3.795,P<0.001);full-term SGA group at 3-6 months of age?WAZ??LAZ are greater than 0-3 months of age(t=4.669,P<0.001;t=5.240,P<0.001),There was no statistical difference between?HCAZ and 0-3 months of age at3-6 months of age(t=1.607,P=0.111).The proportion of WAZ,LAZ and?HCAZ at the3-month-old SGA group reaching normal growth levels was lower than that of the AGA group(?~2=11.586,P=0.001;?~2=15.127,P<0.001;?~2=11.527,P=0.001),there was no difference with AGA group at 6 months of age(?~2=2.131,P=0.273;?~2=2.269,P=0.161;?~2=3.071,P=0.244).Conclusion:1.Risk factors for the occurrence of full-term SGA include gestational hypertension,preeclampsia,anemia during pregnancy,low Body Mass Index before pregnancy,primipara,fetal growth restriction,and twice.2.Full-term SGA infants appeared to catch-up growth obviously in the first 6 months after birth;the fastest catch-up period is 3-6 months of age after birth,and catch-up growth status is dynamically changing;by catching up the body weight,length and head circumference can reach the normal growth level at the age of 6 months. |
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