| Objective:To investigate the physical growth rate of infants born small for gestational age(SGA)under 6 months of age,and explore the influencing factors of it.Methods:Prospectively enrolled infants from Department of Child Health Care of the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between September 2013 and May 2015.146 infants including SGA and appropriate-for-gestational-age(AGA)infants were selected.And their weight,length,head circumference and dietary conditions were evaluated at age of 3 and 6 months(corrected age for premature).Results:1.General conditions:There were 63 cases in SGA group(20males and 43 females),including 51 full-term and 12 preterm babies,37symmetric and 26 asymmetric SGA.And the cases of AGA group were 83(46 males and 37 females),including 70 full-term and 13 preterm babies.The gestational age,term or preterm,and feeding ways have no significantly differences in different groups(P>0.05).2.Growth rate of SGA:The?WAZ and?LAZ of SGA group in0-3 months were significantly higher than that in 3-6 months(F=22.669?9.010,P=0.000?0.004).Compared with AGA group,the?WAZ and?LAZ of SGA group were significantly higher in 0-3 months(LSD-t=2.908?2.815,P=0.004?0.006),and no differences in 3-6 months(LSD-t=0.802?-0.259,P=0.421?0.801).Compared with AGA group,the?HCAZ of SGA group had no difference in 3-6 months(t=-0.471,P=0.638).22.2%(14/64)SGA changed from catch-up to no catch-up growth or from no catch-up to catch-up growth in weight,and 9.5%(6/63)SGA changed in length.3.Comparison of daily energy and protein intake of SGA and AGA:The energy intake of SGA group in 3 months was significantly higher than that in 6 months(87.70±15.82?80.40±14.48,F=11.260,P=0.001),both of which were lower than the adequate intake 90kcal/(kg·d).Compared with AGA group,the energy intake of SGA group was no difference in 3 months,and significantly higher in 6 months(LSD-t=0.333?3.672,P=0.740?0.000).The protein intake of SGA group in 3 months was significantly lower than that in 6 months(10.65±2.94?12.81±3.15,F=36.770,P=0.000),both of which were higher than the adequate intake 9g/d.Compared with AGA group,the energy intake of SGA group was significantly lower in 3 months,and no difference in 6 months(LSD-t=-2.023?-0.072,P=0.045?0.943).4.Multivariate analysis of factors influencing the growth rate of SGA:In 0-3 months,with the decrease of gestational age and birth weight,the?WAZ of SGA significantly increased,and it was higher in female,and in3-6 months,with the decrease of birth weight,the?WAZ of SGA significantly increased(r~2=0.761?0.142,F=36.249?3.265,P=0.000?0.028).In 0-3 months,with the decrease of gestational age and birth length,the?LAZ of SGA significantly increased,and it was higher in symmetric SGA,and in 3-6 months,with the decrease of birth weight,the?LAZ of SGA significantly increased(r~2=0.816?0.267,F=50.401?5.274,P=0.000?0.001).In 3-6 months,the?HCAZ of SGA had no linear regression relationship with energy intake,protein intake,feeding patterns,sex,gestational age,birth weight,birth length and symmetry(r~2=0.051,F=1.611,P=0.208).Conclusion:1.SGA need high intake of protein but no more than adequate intake of energy to keep normal physical growth.2.SGA show the fastest growth rate in first 3 months after birth before6 months of age.And during this period the catch-up growth of SGA changes dynamically.3.If the energy and protein intake is enough to guarantee SGA's normal growth,the growth rate is influenced by sex,gestational age,birth weight,birth length,and symmetry in SGA under 6 months. |
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