Correlation Between Vitamin A Deficiency And Recurrent Respiratory Tract Infection In Children

Objective: To provide a basis for vitamin A as a risk prediction and adjuvant treatment for children with recurrent respiratory tract infection by analyzing the relationship between serum vitamin A deficiency and recurrent respiratory tract infection in children.Methods: A total of 240 children with respiratory tract infection admitted to the second pediatrics department of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from August 2017 to August 2018 were selected as the research subjects,of which 120 children with recurrent respiratory tract infection were selected as the observation group,the other 120 children with non-recurrent respiratory tract infection were selected as the control group.To detect the level of vitamin A and immunoglobulin(IgA,IgG,IgM),compare the vitamin A in children of different age between two groups,and to analyze the relationship between vitamin A and immunoglobulin,and follow-up for one year after the observation group was discharged.The situation of vitamin A-supplementation and the number of recurrences of respiratory infection after discharge was recorded.Result: 1.Comparison of vitamin A level between different sex was(0.25±0.07 mg/L)for male and(0.23±0.06 mg/L)for female.There was no significant difference between two groups(P>0.05).Comparison of vitamin A in children of different age:(0.24±0.06 mg/L)in children aged 0 to 3,(0.23±0.06 mg/L)in aged 4 to 6,and(0.27±0.06 mg/L)in aged over 6.Among them,the vitamin A level in children aged 0 to 3 and aged 4 to 6 was lower than that in aged over 6,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in vitamin A level between children aged 0 to 3 and aged 4 to 6(P>0.05).2.The serum vitamin A level of children in different age were compared between two groups: the serum vitamin A level of observation group was(0.23±0.07 mg/L)in children aged 0 to 3,(0.22±0.05 mg/L)in aged 4 to 6,and(0.24±0.06 mg/L)in aged over 6.The serum vitamin A level of control group was(0.25±0.06 mg/L)in children aged 0 to 3,(0.25±0.06 mg/L)in aged 4 to 6,and(0.29±0.06 mg/L)in aged over 6.The vitamin A level of children in different age between the observation group was lower than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).In addition,the detection rate of subclinical vitamin A deficiency in the observation group(31.7%)was higher than control group(13.3%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).3.Compared with the level of vitamin A and immunoglobulins in children of different age,the IgG level in vitamin A deficiency group was significantly lower than those in the normal vitamin A group between children aged 4 to 6 and over 6,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).4.Correlation analysis was performed by using Pearson.The results showed that vitamin A was positively correlated with IgG(r=0.127,P<0.05).5.Follow-up for one year after the observation group was discharged,the number of respiratory infection in vitamin A-supplementation group(2.56±1.58 times/year)was less than no vitamin A-supplementation group(3.39±2.12 times/year)(P<0.05).Conclusion: Recurrent respiratory tract infection may be associated with vitamin A deficiency and vitamin A supplementation may help reduce the incidence of respiratory infections.