| ObjectivesTo examine whether increased polygenic risk of overweight and obesity can be offset by healthy behaviors pattern during childhood.MethodsBased on the child growth and development cohort in Bengbu of Anhui Province established in 2016(wave 1),a total of 1263 children in grade 1 to 3 were recruited in this study.And follow-up surveys were conducted in 2017(wave 2),2018(wave 3)and2019(wave 4),respectively.Anthropometric data was collected through questionnaire,including birthweight,feeding pattern,delivery mode,gestational age,parental BMI,parental education and social economic status,as well as four life behaviors(physical activity,screen time,sleep duration and sugar-sweetened beverages).BMI was calculated by height and weight,which was derived from physical measurement.The polygenic risk score(PRS)was computed based on 11 BMI-related SNPs derived from a published genome-wide association study.Each healthy behavior were selected to determine a composite healthy behavior score at different wave,including less screen time,high physical activity,low sugar-sweetened beverages(SSBs)intake and enough sleep duration.Linear and logistic regression analyses were conducted to analyze the interaction between polygenic and healthy behaviors influences on childhood overweight and obesity.ResultsAverage age and body mass index(BMI)were 8.01±0.85 years old and 17.96±2.96kg/m~2.After controlling for age,sex,parental BMI,parental education,household economic status and birth indicators,the results of linear regression model indicated that children carrying additional BMI susceptibility alleles increased the BMI by 0.13kg/m~2(?=0.13,95%CI:0.03,0.24;p=0.014)and 0.18 kg/m~2(?=0.18,95%CI:0.04,0.31;p=0.011)at wave 1 and wave 4,respectively.However,children adhered to each additional healthy behavior decreased the BMI by 0.30 kg/m~2(?=-0.30,95%CI:-0.87,-0.39;p<0.001)and 0.40 kg/m~2(?=-0.40,95%CI:-0.52,-0.27;p<0.001)at wave 1 and wave 4,respectively.Specifically,less screen time,high physical activity and low SSBs intake are associated with 0.61 kg/m~2,0.30 kg/m~2and 0.36 kg/m~2decreased of children BMI,respectively,but not observed in children with enough sleep.After controlling for age,sex,parental BMI,parental education,household economic status and birth weight,feeding mode,delivery mode and gestation age,the finding of multiple logistic regression model showed that comparing with children in the highest polygenic risk group,children have a lower risk of obesity in the moderate(OR=0.50,95%CI:0.31,0.83;P=0.007)and lowest(OR=0.50,95%CI:0.29,0.88;P=0.017)polygenic groups.Children in the low screen time and high physical activity have the lower risk of overweight than those no healthy behavior(OR=0.74 and 0.83,respectively;P<0.05).And the reduced risk of obesity was found only in children with low SSBs intake and low screen time(OR=0.82 and 0.79,respectively;P<0.05).Within each category of polygenic risk,healthy behaviors showed protective effects on childhood overweight and obesity.Adherence to less screen time,as compared with no healthy behavior group,was associated with 30%lower risk of overweight and 29%lower risk of obesity among children with moderate polygenic risk(P<0.05).High physical activity was related to 21%and 47%lower risk of overweight among those at moderate and high polygenic risk(P<0.05)than children with low physical activity.Compared with children with high SSBs intake,low SSBs intake was related to 23%lower risk of overweight and 39%lower risk of obesity among those at high polygenic risk(P<0.05).ConclusionThis study explored the interaction of healthy behaviors pattern and polygenic risk score on childhood overweight and obesity based on 4-year follow-up.The finding suggested that increased polygenic risk might be largely offset by healthy behaviors(especially high physical activity and low SSBs intake)as early as childhood.More exactly,high physical activity is associated with lower polygenic risk of children overweight.And low SSBs intake is associated with lower polygenic risk of children obesity. |
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