A Study On The Influencing Factors Of Health Needs Of The Elderly In China

To understand the health status of the elderly in China,and to make an empirical analysis on the influencing factors of the health needs of the elderly in China,so as to provide the reference basis and suggestions for the formulation of policies related to healthy aging.Firstly,with Stata16 software,the original data of CHARLS 2015 are sorted out to screen out the data of the elderly who aged more than 60.And the health status of the elderly is evaluated with the improved PCA comprehensive evaluation model.Secondly,with SPSS 22 software,the data after collection is analyzed of descriptiveness and Logistic regressive.Finally,the empirical analysis is further divided into urban and rural samples and gender samples.The measurement data are expressed as mean±standard deviation,t test is used for comparison between the two groups;while x~2test is used for comparison between the two groups of enumeration data.The difference has statistically significant(P<0.05)Results:(1)The unhealthy rate of the elderly in China is 35.74%.83.81%of the elderly self-reported one or more chronic diseases,of which the highest proportion is arthritis or rheumatism(47.40%),followed by hypertension(40.89%).More than 65%of the chronic diseases were only known after illness or attack.25.81%of the elderly have difficulties in self-care,42.69%of the elderly have one or more disability problems described in this paper.The use rate of assistive tools in the elderly is low.33.27%of the elderly with poor vision only have 9.77%matching glasses,18.10%of the elderly with poor hearing only have 1.89%used hearing aids.28.47%of the elderly had a high risk of depression.(2)The proportion of unhealthy in these group is the highest including the women in agriculture,the people in low income,the people without medical insurance and the people with work.(3)Regression analysis shows these factors are giving the significantly positive influence to the health needs of the elderly in China,which include the education level,total annual personal income,family size,number of medical insurance and social contact all.While these factors are giving the significantly negative influence to the health needs of the elderly in China,which include age,married but temporarily separated due to work,divorced,separated or widowed,rural living environment,the average number of days to meet or communicate with children every year,being thin or overweight,sleeping too little,no physical examination for two years,and depression scores.Conclusions:(1)The elderly in China are in line with the Grossman health demands model in terms of age,personal annual income,medical services,employment,medical insurance and marriage.However,it does not conform to the model in terms of education and drinking habits.China's urban household registration and male population are more suitable for Grossman's health demands model.(2)In order to promote the development of healthy aging in China,we should increase investment in four aspects,which include the increasing investigation of health management,narrow the gap between urban and rural elderly care,pay attention to the needs of mental health,and reform insurance services.