Study On The Effect Of The Ratio Of Estradiol To Testosterone On Erectile Function

After sexual stimulation,the penile blood flow increased,the cavernous vascular sinus dilated,the penile vein and subalbino vein connected to the cavernous sinus were compressed,and the penile blood reflux decreased after sexual stimulation cause penile erection.Erectile dysfunction(ED)was defined at the 4th International Medical Conference as persistent or repeated inability to achieve and obtain an erection of the penis for more than 6 months,which is not sufficient to meet sexual needs.Erectile dysfunction is a common disease.According to the literature,among the outpatients with erectile dysfunction as the main complaint in 11 cities of China from 2003 to 2008,more than 60%of the patients diagnosed with ED were between 30 and 50 years old.42.9%of patients with moderate ED accounted for 29.9%of patients with severe ED.In the United States,as many as 30 million men are affected by ED,with an incidence of about 52%,of which 17.2%,25.2%and 9.6%are mild,moderate and severe,respectively.International studies have shown that ED has a significant age correlation,70%of the patients are over 70 years old,and about 17%of middle-aged men have severe ED.The average incidence of erectile dysfunction in patients requiring treatment is about 20 per cent,and the prevalence rate is expected to reach 322 million worldwide by 2025Normal sexual function is described as a psychosocial process involving the coordination of the psychological,endocrine,vascular and nervous systems.Erectile dysfunction is classified as psychological,organic,and mixed.The organic properties can be further divided into neurology,hormone,arterial,age-related and drug-induced.Starting from the organic factors,this study mainly analyzed the influence of the ratio of estradiol to testosterone on penile erectile function,and further explored the difference of its influence on penile head and root erection.The two hormones estradiol and testosterone exist in both men and women and are in dynamic equilibrium.The growth and development of male reproductive organs and male secondary sexual characteristics are influenced by testosterone levels.When serum testosterone levels rise,men's libido increases,the frequency of sexual intercourse increases,and the frequency of nocturnal erections increases,thus enhancing libido and sexual behavior.Testosterone can also enhance erections by affecting nitric oxide synthase(NOS)and causing the vascular endothelium to release more nitric oxide(NO),but has little effect on erections induced by sexual fantasy or audiovisual stimulation.Estradiol in males is contrary to the activity of testosterone.Estradiol in males is mainly produced by the aromatization of testosterone through Sertoli and Leydig cells in the testis,with the rest mainly from adipose tissue,bone and brain.Has a large number of literature shows that testosterone of erectile function,as well as literature,points out that estradiol are independent risk factors for erectile dysfunction,but male testosterone and estradiol for erectile function after losing balance has not been elucidated,the influence of this,we are represented by the ratio of oestrogen and testosterone,further research was carried out to clarify erectile dysfunction and the relationship between the ratio of estradiol and testosteroneResearch methods1.Research objects and exclusion criteriaThe study included 234 patients,182 with ED and 52 healthy men.All patients with ED completed iief-5 in the international questionnaire on erectile function,and the actual score was ?21.At the same time,52 healthy males(21 points iief-5>)were randomly selected as the control group.To avoid the effect of age on the experiment,the ages of the two groups were statistically matched.Exclusion criteria:the history of history of nervous system diseases,genital trauma or surgical history,history of spinal cord injury or surgery,morbid obesity,use may affect the hormone levels of erectile function or 2 years of drugs,serious cardiovascular disease,hemorrhagic disease,severe mental system,the penis fibrosis,hypertension,diabetes,gonad hypofunction.2.Experimental designAll subjects(including 182patients with ED and 52 healthy men)underwent physical examination and laboratory tests with venous blood to record blood biochemical indicators,including total blood glucose(TG),total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high cholesterol Indian lipoprotein(HDL),.Low density lipoprotein(LDL),luteinizing hormone(LH),follicle stimulating hormone(FSH),prolactin(PRL),progesterone(P),estradiol(E2)and testosterone(T),all participants performed nocturnal penile distension test(nocturnalpeniletumescencetests,NPT)and recorded the results,including the total duration of erection,the duration of erection hardness of penile head over 60%,and the duration of erection hardness of penile root over 60%3.Data collectionThe blood biochemical indexes of all 182patients with ED and 52 healthy men as control group were recorded,including the total sugar(TG),total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high cholesterol,India lipoprotein(HDL),low density lipoprotein(LDL),luteinizing hormone(LH),follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),prolactin(PRL),progesterone(P),estradiol(E2)and testosterone(T),and the NPT experimental results,including the total duration,head erect penis erection hardness more than 60%of the duration,the duration of the penis erection hardness more than 60%.4.Statistics and analysisUsing the statistical language R(TheRfoundation;www.r-project.org;Software(version 3.44)and Empower(?)Stats X&YSolutionsInc.,Boston,MA,USA;The data were analyzed to determine the relationship between the length of penile erection and the ratio of estradiol to testosteroneResultIt was found that there was a difference in the ratio of estradiol to testosterone between the patients with ED and the control group(P<0.001).There was no significant relationship between the erection hardness of the penile head and the ratio of estradiol to testosterone,but there was a negative correlation between the erection time of the penile root and the ratio of estradiol to testosterone(HR:-5.09;95%Cl:-7.08,-3.1 1;).(P<0.0001),and with the increase of the ratio of estradiol to testosterone,the duration of erectile hardness of calcaneus in ED patients with normal Rigiscan data was significantly decreased(HR:-2.8795%CI:-4.73,-1.00P<0.0030).Research conclusionFor the duration of penile erection,the ratio of estradiol to testosterone was negatively correlated with it,especially with the length of erection at the root of the penis.When the duration of penile base erection hardness>60%is more than 10 minutes,the negative correlation is more obvious.